Master Vocabulary.
Maximize Your CELPIP Score.
Build the vocabulary you need for the CELPIP test. Explore 1,000+ useful words across 20 common CELPIP topics with simple definitions, example sentences and synonyms.

How to use this page
Vocabulary that works across all four skills
Strong vocabulary lifts every CELPIP score: it speeds up Reading, makes Listening easier to follow, and gives you precise choices in Writing and Speaking. The words here are selected for common CELPIP topics and situations, so focus on how each word behaves in its example sentence, not on memorising lists.
- Understand vocabulary in context, not from isolated lists
- Choose accurate words instead of impressive-sounding ones
- Use natural synonyms to avoid repeating basic words
- Learn the everyday and workplace language CELPIP draws on
- Expand your range without forcing complicated vocabulary
Topic 01
Work & Employment50 words
Vocabulary for jobs, hiring, workplace communication and career growth.
| # | Word | Part of speech | Definition | Example sentence | Synonyms |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1colleagueNoun | Noun | DefinitionA person you work with at a job. | ExampleAfter the meeting, a colleague from the finance team offered to help me finish the quarterly report. | Synonymscoworkerworkmateteammate |
| 2 | 2supervisorNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe person who directs and checks your work. | ExampleMy supervisor asked me to train the new employees before the store opens on Saturday morning. | Synonymsmanagerboss |
| 3 | 3deadlineNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe date or time when a task must be finished. | ExampleBecause the deadline was moved to Friday, our whole team stayed late to complete the client presentation. | Synonymsdue datetime limit |
| 4 | 4shiftNoun | Noun | DefinitionA set period of work time during the day or night. | ExampleNurses at the downtown hospital often trade weekend shifts so everyone gets some family time each month. | Synonymswork periodstint |
| 5 | 5wageNoun | Noun | DefinitionMoney paid for work, usually by the hour. | ExampleSince the minimum wage went up in Ontario, my part-time job at the bakery pays noticeably more. | Synonymspayearnings |
| 6 | 6salaryNoun | Noun | DefinitionA fixed amount of money an employee receives each year. | ExampleHer new position comes with a higher salary, extended health coverage, and three weeks of paid vacation. | Synonymspayincome |
| 7 | 7overtimeNoun | Noun | DefinitionExtra hours worked beyond your normal schedule. | ExampleDuring the holiday rush, warehouse staff can earn overtime by staying a few extra hours each evening. | Synonymsextra hoursadditional hours |
| 8 | 8promotionNoun | Noun | DefinitionA move to a higher position at work. | ExampleIf you keep leading projects this well, a promotion to team lead could come within the year. | Synonymsadvancementstep up |
| 9 | 9probationNoun | Noun | DefinitionA trial period when a new employee is evaluated. | ExampleNew hires at our office complete three months of probation before their positions become permanent. | Synonymstrial periodevaluation period |
| 10 | 10workloadNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe amount of work a person must do. | ExampleWhen two coworkers went on parental leave, my workload nearly doubled for the rest of the winter. | Synonymsburdenduties |
| 11 | 11qualificationNoun | Noun | DefinitionA skill, degree or experience needed for a job. | ExampleAlthough she had every qualification listed in the posting, the company still asked for Canadian work experience. | Synonymscredentialcertification |
| 12 | 12moraleNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe level of confidence and enthusiasm in a group. | ExampleFree coffee and small monthly celebrations have done wonders for morale in our customer service department. | Synonymsspiritconfidence |
| 13 | 13scheduleNoun | Noun | DefinitionA plan showing when tasks or shifts happen. | ExampleOur manager posts the weekly schedule every Thursday so staff can plan appointments and childcare in advance. | Synonymstimetablecalendar |
| 14 | 14vacancyNoun | Noun | DefinitionA job position that is open and unfilled. | ExampleThere is a vacancy for a delivery driver at the depot, and interviews start next Tuesday afternoon. | Synonymsopeningunfilled position |
| 15 | 15internshipNoun | Noun | DefinitionA short work placement that gives real job experience. | ExampleA summer internship at a local radio station helped my nephew decide on a broadcasting career. | Synonymswork placementtraineeship |
| 16 | 16incentiveNoun | Noun | DefinitionSomething that encourages a person to work harder. | ExampleTo reduce turnover, the restaurant introduced a yearly bonus as an incentive for staff who stay past twelve months. | Synonymsmotivationreward |
| 17 | 17workforceNoun | Noun | DefinitionAll the people who work for a company or country. | ExampleNearly half the workforce at the plant now works four-day weeks under the new pilot program. | Synonymsstaffpersonnel |
| 18 | 18layoffNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe ending of jobs because a company must cut costs. | ExampleNews of layoffs at the mill worried the whole town, since few other employers pay as well. | Synonymsjob cutredundancy |
| 19 | 19referenceNoun | Noun | DefinitionA person who confirms your skills and experience to a new employer. | ExampleBefore applying, ask your former supervisor to act as a reference for the hospital position. | Synonymsrefereerecommender |
| 20 | 20resignVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo officially leave your job by choice. | ExampleShe resigned from her retail job last month to focus on finishing her nursing diploma. | Synonymsquitstep down |
| 21 | 21recruitVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo find and hire new people for jobs. | ExampleEvery spring, the landscaping company recruits students who want steady outdoor work until September. | Synonymshireenlist |
| 22 | 22hireVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo give a person a paid job. | ExampleThe clinic plans to hire two more receptionists because patient visits have grown steadily this year. | Synonymsemployengage |
| 23 | 23delegateVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo give part of your work to someone else. | ExampleGood team leads delegate smaller tasks so they can concentrate on planning and client meetings. | Synonymsassignhand over |
| 24 | 24collaborateVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo work together with others on a shared task. | ExampleDesigners and engineers collaborated for six weeks to get the new app ready for launch. | Synonymscooperateteam up |
| 25 | 25undergoVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo experience or go through a process. | ExampleAll warehouse employees undergo safety training before they are allowed to operate the forklifts. | Synonymsexperiencego through |
| 26 | 26complyVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo follow a rule, order or request. | ExampleBusinesses that fail to comply with fire regulations may face steep fines from the city. | Synonymsobeyconform |
| 27 | 27prioritizeVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo decide which tasks are most important to do first. | ExampleWith three projects due the same week, I had to prioritize the client work over internal reports. | Synonymsrankput first |
| 28 | 28allocateVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo give out time, money or resources for a purpose. | ExampleManagement allocated part of the training budget to a workshop on customer communication skills. | Synonymsassigndistribute |
| 29 | 29facilitateVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo make a process easier or run more smoothly. | ExampleA shared online calendar facilitates scheduling between our Vancouver office and the team in Halifax. | Synonymseasestreamline |
| 30 | 30motivateVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo make someone want to work hard. | ExamplePublic praise at staff meetings motivates employees far more than managers usually expect. | Synonymsinspireencourage |
| 31 | 31multitaskVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo handle several tasks at the same time. | ExampleReceptionists must multitask constantly, answering phones while greeting visitors and booking appointments. | Synonymsjugglebalance |
| 32 | 32coordinateVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo organize people or activities so they work well together. | ExampleHead office coordinates delivery routes with local drivers to avoid missed appointments during winter storms. | Synonymsorganizearrange |
| 33 | 33productiveAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionGetting a lot of useful work done. | ExampleI feel most productive in the morning, so I schedule difficult tasks before lunch whenever possible. | Synonymsefficientindustrious |
| 34 | 34flexibleAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionAble to change or adapt easily when needed. | ExampleFlexible start times let parents drop their children at school before heading in to work. | Synonymsadaptableadjustable |
| 35 | 35substantialAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionLarge in amount, size or importance. | ExampleMoving the office outside downtown produced substantial savings on rent and parking for the firm. | Synonymsconsiderablesizeable |
| 36 | 36competentAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionHaving the skill to do something well. | ExampleAfter a year on the job, she felt fully competent handling even the most difficult customer complaints. | Synonymscapableskilled |
| 37 | 37demandingAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionNeeding a lot of time, effort or attention. | ExampleParamedic work is demanding, yet many say helping people makes every long shift worthwhile. | Synonymstaxingtough |
| 38 | 38efficientAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionWorking well without wasting time or resources. | ExampleAn efficient filing system saved the payroll team nearly an hour of searching every single day. | Synonymsstreamlinedorganized |
| 39 | 39part-timeAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionWorking fewer hours than a full weekly schedule. | ExampleMany students take part-time jobs at the mall to cover transit passes and phone bills. | Synonymscasualreduced-hours |
| 40 | 40temporaryAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionLasting for a limited time only. | ExampleHe accepted a temporary contract at the museum, hoping it would turn into permanent work. | Synonymsshort-terminterim |
| 41 | 41permanentAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionLasting or intended to last without ending. | ExampleOnce her position became permanent, she finally qualified for dental coverage and paid sick days. | Synonymslastingongoing |
| 42 | 42understaffedAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionNot having enough workers to handle the work. | ExampleEmergency rooms across the province remain understaffed, which leads to long waits on busy weekends. | Synonymsshort-handedundermanned |
| 43 | 43rewardingAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionGiving satisfaction or a feeling of achievement. | ExampleTeaching new hires is rewarding because you watch their confidence grow with every shift. | Synonymssatisfyingfulfilling |
| 44 | 44stressfulAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionCausing a lot of worry and mental pressure. | ExampleCall centre work can be stressful, so the company offers quiet rooms and counselling support. | Synonymstensenerve-racking |
| 45 | 45promptlyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionQuickly, on time and without delay. | ExamplePlease reply promptly to the client's email so we can confirm the order before the long weekend. | Synonymsquicklyimmediatelyswiftly |
| 46 | 46remotelyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionFrom a distance, especially working away from the office. | ExampleSince 2021, half our accounting team has worked remotely from small towns across British Columbia. | Synonymsfrom homeoff-site |
| 47 | 47take onPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo accept extra work or responsibility. | ExampleRather than hiring another clerk, the owner took on the bookkeeping himself over the winter. | Synonymsacceptshoulder |
| 48 | 48fill inPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo do someone's job while they are away. | ExampleCould you fill in for Priya at the front desk on Friday while she attends a training session? | Synonymscoversubstitute |
| 49 | 49hand inPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo give a document to a person in charge. | ExampleHe handed in his resignation on Monday after accepting a better offer from a competitor. | Synonymssubmitturn in |
| 50 | 50burn outPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo become exhausted from too much work over time. | ExampleWorkers who never take vacations often burn out within a few years, no matter how much they love the job. | Synonymswear outbreak down |
Topic 02
Education50 words
Words for schools, courses, studying and lifelong learning in Canada.
| # | Word | Part of speech | Definition | Example sentence | Synonyms |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1tuitionNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe money paid to take courses at a school. | ExampleCollege tuition rose again this fall, so many students are working weekend shifts to keep up. | Synonymsfeescourse costs |
| 2 | 2semesterNoun | Noun | DefinitionOne of the main study periods in a school year. | ExampleDuring the winter semester, evening classes fill quickly because most students work during the day. | Synonymstermsession |
| 3 | 3assignmentNoun | Noun | DefinitionA piece of work given to students to complete. | ExampleOur instructor posts each assignment online with a checklist, which makes the requirements easy to follow. | Synonymstaskproject |
| 4 | 4lectureNoun | Noun | DefinitionA talk given to a class to teach a subject. | ExampleRecordings of every lecture are available online, so missing one class is no longer a disaster. | Synonymstalkpresentation |
| 5 | 5diplomaNoun | Noun | DefinitionAn official document showing you finished a program of study. | ExampleWith a two-year diploma in early childhood education, she found daycare work within a month. | Synonymscredentialqualification |
| 6 | 6curriculumNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe full set of subjects taught in a program. | ExampleParents praised the new elementary curriculum for adding financial basics and coding to regular lessons. | Synonymssyllabuscourse plan |
| 7 | 7scholarshipNoun | Noun | DefinitionMoney given to a student to help pay for education. | ExampleHer volleyball scholarship covers tuition, but she still budgets carefully for rent and textbooks. | Synonymsgrantbursary |
| 8 | 8literacyNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe ability to read and write. | ExampleThe library runs free adult literacy classes twice a week in the community room. | Synonymsreading abilityreading skills |
| 9 | 9instructorNoun | Noun | DefinitionA person who teaches a course or skill. | ExampleMy driving instructor stays calm even when nervous students stall the car in busy intersections. | Synonymsteachertrainer |
| 10 | 10workshopNoun | Noun | DefinitionA short practical class where people learn by doing. | ExampleThe settlement agency offers a free workshop on preparing résumés for the Canadian job market. | Synonymstraining sessionseminar |
| 11 | 11comprehensionNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe ability to understand what you read or hear. | ExampleListening to local radio every morning slowly built up my comprehension of fast Canadian speech. | Synonymsunderstandinggrasp |
| 12 | 12attendanceNoun | Noun | DefinitionBeing present at classes or events. | ExampleAttendance counts for ten percent of the final grade, so skipping tutorials is a costly habit. | Synonymspresenceturnout |
| 13 | 13transcriptNoun | Noun | DefinitionAn official record of your courses and grades. | ExampleOrder your official transcript early, because the university takes two weeks to process each request. | Synonymsacademic recordgrade report |
| 14 | 14certificateNoun | Noun | DefinitionA document proving you completed a course or training. | ExampleAfter eight Saturdays of first aid training, everyone received a certificate valid for three years. | Synonymscredentialdiploma |
| 15 | 15mentorNoun | Noun | DefinitionAn experienced person who guides someone less experienced. | ExampleEach first-year apprentice is paired with a mentor who checks in every couple of weeks. | Synonymsadvisorcoach |
| 16 | 16orientationNoun | Noun | DefinitionAn introduction event for people starting something new. | ExampleAt college orientation, volunteers hand out campus maps, bus schedules and free pancakes. | Synonymsintroductionwelcome session |
| 17 | 17prerequisiteNoun | Noun | DefinitionA course or condition required before starting something else. | ExampleBiology 101 is a prerequisite for the nursing program, so plan your first year carefully. | Synonymsrequirementprecondition |
| 18 | 18apprenticeshipNoun | Noun | DefinitionPaid training where you learn a trade from experts. | ExampleAn apprenticeship in plumbing lets you earn wages while working toward full trade certification. | Synonymstraineeshipplacement |
| 19 | 19assessmentNoun | Noun | DefinitionA test or task used to measure learning. | ExampleInstead of one big exam, the course uses short weekly assessments that keep everyone on track. | Synonymsevaluationtest |
| 20 | 20electiveNoun | Noun | DefinitionA course you choose rather than one that is required. | ExampleShe picked photography as her elective because every other course on her schedule felt heavy. | Synonymsoptional coursechosen subject |
| 21 | 21proficiencyNoun | Noun | DefinitionA high level of skill in something, especially language. | ExampleEmployers often ask for proof of English proficiency before offering newcomers a customer-facing role. | Synonymsmasterycompetence |
| 22 | 22enrolVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo officially join a course, school or program. | ExampleNewcomers can enrol in free language classes at the settlement centre on Main Street. | Synonymsregisterjoin |
| 23 | 23reviseVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo change written work to make it better. | ExampleBefore submitting her essay, she revised the introduction twice until the argument sounded convincing. | Synonymseditrework |
| 24 | 24graduateVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo successfully finish a school or degree program. | ExampleMy cousin graduates from Humber College in June and already has two job interviews lined up. | Synonymsfinish schoolcomplete studies |
| 25 | 25memorizeVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo learn something so you remember it exactly. | ExampleRather than memorizing whole sentences, learn common phrases and practise using them in real conversations. | Synonymslearn by heartcommit to memory |
| 26 | 26submitVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo send in work for checking or marking. | ExampleStudents must submit final projects through the online portal before midnight on December fifth. | Synonymshand inturn in |
| 27 | 27concentrateVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo give your full attention to one thing. | ExampleIt is hard to concentrate in the campus library during exam week because every seat is taken. | Synonymsfocuspay attention |
| 28 | 28inspireVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo make someone feel eager to do something. | ExampleA single chemistry teacher inspired her to pursue a science degree at the University of Alberta. | Synonymsmotivateencourage |
| 29 | 29cramVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo study a lot in a short time before a test. | ExampleInstead of cramming the night before, review your notes for twenty minutes after every class. | Synonymsstudy harddrill |
| 30 | 30excelVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo do extremely well at something. | ExampleWith steady practice and helpful feedback, he began to excel in his evening accounting course. | Synonymsshinestand out |
| 31 | 31pursueVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo work toward a goal over time. | ExampleAfter ten years in construction, he decided to pursue a teaching career through night classes. | Synonymsfollowwork toward |
| 32 | 32acquireVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo gain knowledge or skills through effort or experience. | ExampleVolunteering at the food bank helped her acquire customer service skills without any formal training. | Synonymsgainpick up |
| 33 | 33tutorVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo teach one student or a small group privately. | ExampleOn Tuesday evenings she tutors high school students in math at the public library. | Synonymscoachinstruct |
| 34 | 34mandatoryAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionRequired by a rule, not optional. | ExampleSafety orientation is mandatory for every student before using the college's woodworking equipment. | Synonymscompulsoryrequired |
| 35 | 35academicAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionConnected with education, study and school subjects. | ExampleHer academic results improved once she joined a quiet study group that meets twice weekly. | Synonymsscholasticeducational |
| 36 | 36extracurricularAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionHappening at school but outside regular classes. | ExampleExtracurricular activities like debate club and soccer look great on scholarship applications. | Synonymsafter-schoolrecreational |
| 37 | 37bilingualAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionAble to use two languages well. | ExampleBilingual graduates who speak English and French have an edge for federal government jobs in Ottawa. | Synonymsdual-languagemultilingual |
| 38 | 38attentiveAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionListening and watching carefully with full interest. | ExampleAttentive students noticed the exam date change that the professor mentioned quickly at the end of class. | Synonymsalertobservant |
| 39 | 39diligentAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionWorking carefully and steadily without giving up. | ExampleBeing diligent about small daily reviews beats desperate last-minute studying every single time. | Synonymshard-workingconscientious |
| 40 | 40rigorousAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionThorough, strict and demanding in standards. | ExampleThe paramedic program is rigorous, combining tough coursework with long practical shifts in ambulances. | Synonymsdemandingexacting |
| 41 | 41interactiveAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionInvolving people responding and taking part actively. | ExampleLearners stay engaged longer when lessons are interactive, with polls, group tasks and quick quizzes. | Synonymsparticipatoryhands-on |
| 42 | 42hands-onAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionLearning by doing things yourself rather than watching. | ExampleCulinary school is mostly hands-on, so students spend far more time cooking than reading. | Synonymspracticalapplied |
| 43 | 43optionalAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionAvailable to choose but not required. | ExampleAttendance at the review session is optional, yet almost everyone shows up before final exams. | Synonymsvoluntaryelective |
| 44 | 44introductoryAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionDesigned for beginners starting a subject. | ExampleTake the introductory computer course first if you have never used spreadsheets at work before. | Synonymsbeginnerbasic |
| 45 | 45fluentlyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionSmoothly and easily, without stopping to think. | ExampleAfter two years of practice at her retail job, she now speaks English fluently with customers. | Synonymssmoothlyeffortlessly |
| 46 | 46thoroughlyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionCompletely and with attention to every detail. | ExampleRead the exam instructions thoroughly, because several questions ask for two answers, not one. | Synonymscompletelycarefully |
| 47 | 47drop outPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo leave school or a course before finishing. | ExampleMoney troubles forced him to drop out of college, but he returned to finish his diploma at thirty. | Synonymsquitwithdraw |
| 48 | 48catch upPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo reach the level of others after falling behind. | ExampleMissing two weeks with the flu meant she spent every evening catching up on class notes. | Synonymsget up to speedclose the gap |
| 49 | 49sign upPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo put your name on a list to join something. | ExampleSign up early for the pottery class at the community centre because spots disappear within days. | Synonymsregisterenlist |
| 50 | 50fall behindPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo fail to keep pace with work or studies. | ExampleStudents who skip the weekly readings often fall behind by midterm and struggle to recover. | Synonymslagtrail |
Topic 03
Health & Healthcare50 words
Vocabulary for clinics, symptoms, treatment and staying healthy.
| # | Word | Part of speech | Definition | Example sentence | Synonyms |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1appointmentNoun | Noun | DefinitionA planned time to meet a doctor or professional. | ExampleMy mother booked an appointment with her family doctor for next Tuesday morning. | Synonymsbookingmeeting |
| 2 | 2clinicNoun | Noun | DefinitionA place where people get medical care without staying overnight. | ExampleOur neighbourhood clinic offers walk-in visits every weekday until eight in the evening. | Synonymspracticemedical centre |
| 3 | 3prescriptionNoun | Noun | DefinitionA doctor's written order for a specific medicine. | ExampleAfter the checkup, the doctor handed me a prescription for stronger allergy pills. | Synonymsorderscript |
| 4 | 4pharmacyNoun | Noun | DefinitionA store where medicines are prepared and sold. | ExampleBecause the pharmacy closes early on Sundays, I picked up my pills on Saturday. | Synonymsdrugstoredispensary |
| 5 | 5symptomNoun | Noun | DefinitionA sign in your body that shows you may be ill. | ExampleA persistent cough is often the first symptom that a cold is developing. | Synonymssignindication |
| 6 | 6diagnosisNoun | Noun | DefinitionA doctor's judgement about what illness a person has. | ExampleAfter reviewing my scans, the specialist gave a clear diagnosis of the shoulder problem. | Synonymsfindingidentification |
| 7 | 7treatmentNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe care or method used to cure an illness or injury. | ExamplePhysiotherapy turned out to be the best treatment for my sister's knee injury. | Synonymscaretherapy |
| 8 | 8recoveryNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe process of getting well again after illness or injury. | ExamplePlenty of rest and fluids helped speed up her recovery from the flu. | Synonymshealingrehabilitation |
| 9 | 9checkupNoun | Noun | DefinitionA routine medical examination to confirm you are healthy. | ExampleAnnual checkups can catch health problems early, long before serious symptoms appear. | Synonymsexaminationphysical |
| 10 | 10specialistNoun | Noun | DefinitionA doctor trained deeply in one area of medicine. | ExampleMy family doctor referred me to a heart specialist after the second dizzy spell. | Synonymsexpertconsultant |
| 11 | 11referralNoun | Noun | DefinitionA note sending a patient to another doctor or service. | ExampleYou usually need a referral from your family doctor before seeing a specialist. | Synonymsrecommendationintroduction |
| 12 | 12vaccineNoun | Noun | DefinitionA substance that protects the body against a disease. | ExampleLocal pharmacies now offer the seasonal flu vaccine at no cost to residents. | Synonymsimmunizationshot |
| 13 | 13fatigueNoun | Noun | DefinitionA feeling of deep tiredness or lack of energy. | ExampleAfter weeks of overtime, the constant fatigue made it hard to focus at work. | Synonymsexhaustiontiredness |
| 14 | 14injuryNoun | Noun | DefinitionPhysical harm or damage to the body. | ExampleOur coach rested the player for two weeks to let the ankle injury settle. | Synonymswoundharm |
| 15 | 15wellnessNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe state of being healthy in body and mind. | ExampleOur workplace launched a wellness program that includes yoga classes and healthy snacks. | Synonymshealthwell-being |
| 16 | 16therapyNoun | Noun | DefinitionTreatment that helps someone recover or cope over time. | ExampleTalk therapy gave my uncle useful tools for managing his anxiety after retirement. | Synonymscounsellinghealing |
| 17 | 17dosageNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe amount of medicine to take at one time. | ExampleAlways follow the dosage printed on the label unless your doctor advises otherwise. | Synonymsquantityamount |
| 18 | 18ailmentNoun | Noun | DefinitionA minor or ongoing illness. | ExampleCommon winter ailments like colds and sore throats spread quickly through the daycare. | Synonymsillnesscondition |
| 19 | 19healVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo become healthy again, or make something well. | ExampleDeep cuts heal faster when you keep them clean and properly covered. | Synonymsmendrecover |
| 20 | 20injectVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo put medicine into the body using a needle. | ExampleA nurse will inject the vaccine into your upper arm within a few seconds. | Synonymsadministerjab |
| 21 | 21examineVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo look at a patient closely to check their health. | ExampleBefore prescribing anything, the doctor will examine your throat and listen to your chest. | Synonymsinspectassess |
| 22 | 22relieveVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo reduce pain or an unpleasant feeling. | ExampleA warm compress can relieve the aching muscles after a long shift on your feet. | Synonymseaselessen |
| 23 | 23monitorVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo watch a condition carefully over time. | ExampleNurses monitor a new mother's blood pressure closely during the first hours after delivery. | Synonymstrackobserve |
| 24 | 24recuperateVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo rest and get your strength back after illness. | ExampleShe took a week off to recuperate fully before returning to her busy classroom. | Synonymsrecoverconvalesce |
| 25 | 25hospitalizeVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo admit someone into a hospital for care. | ExampleDoctors decided to hospitalize the elderly patient overnight to watch for further symptoms. | Synonymsadmitconfine |
| 26 | 26sootheVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo make pain or worry gentler and calmer. | ExampleHoney and warm water can soothe a scratchy throat during cold season. | Synonymscalmcomfort |
| 27 | 27sanitizeVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo clean something so germs cannot spread. | ExampleStaff sanitize the shared equipment at the gym after every group class. | Synonymsdisinfectsterilize |
| 28 | 28medicateVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo treat an illness by giving medicine. | ExampleDoctors prefer not to medicate mild fevers that the body can handle on its own. | Synonymstreatdose |
| 29 | 29consultVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo ask a professional for advice or help. | ExampleIf the rash spreads any further, consult your pharmacist before trying another cream. | Synonymsconferask |
| 30 | 30numbVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo take away feeling in a part of the body. | ExampleMy dentist used gel to numb my gums before giving the injection. | Synonymsdeadenfreeze |
| 31 | 31swellVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo grow larger because of injury or fluid. | ExampleIf your ankle begins to swell, raise it and apply ice right away. | Synonymsexpandbloat |
| 32 | 32screenVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo test people for a disease before symptoms show. | ExampleHealth officials plan to screen more adults for diabetes during routine visits. | Synonymstestcheck |
| 33 | 33chronicAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionLasting a long time or coming back often. | ExampleManaging a chronic condition like asthma means taking medicine even on good days. | Synonymspersistentlong-term |
| 34 | 34urgentAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionNeeding quick action or attention. | ExampleChest pain is an urgent warning sign that should never be ignored. | Synonymspressingcritical |
| 35 | 35preventiveAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionMeant to stop illness before it starts. | ExampleRegular exercise and good sleep are simple preventive steps for lasting health. | Synonymsprotectiveprecautionary |
| 36 | 36immuneAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionProtected against a particular disease. | ExampleOnce you recover from chickenpox, you are usually immune to it for life. | Synonymsresistantprotected |
| 37 | 37contagiousAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionEasily spread from one person to another. | ExampleSince the flu spreads so easily, sick staff are asked to stay home. | Synonymsinfectiouscatching |
| 38 | 38soreAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionPainful or tender, especially when touched. | ExampleMy arm felt sore for a day after the vaccine, which is completely normal. | Synonymstenderaching |
| 39 | 39inflamedAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionRed, swollen and painful because of injury or infection. | ExampleThe nurse noticed the wound looked inflamed and prescribed a course of antibiotics. | Synonymsswollenirritated |
| 40 | 40dizzyAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionFeeling like you might fall or spin around. | ExampleStanding up too quickly can leave you dizzy if you are dehydrated. | Synonymslightheadedfaint |
| 41 | 41queasyAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionFeeling slightly sick in the stomach. | ExampleThat bumpy bus ride to the clinic left several passengers feeling rather queasy. | Synonymsnauseatedunsettled |
| 42 | 42frailAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionWeak and easily harmed, often from age or illness. | ExampleHome-care nurses check on frail seniors daily to make sure they eat and take their medicine. | Synonymsweakdelicate |
| 43 | 43feverishAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionHaving a higher body temperature than normal. | ExampleOur toddler felt feverish overnight, so we kept him home from daycare. | Synonymshotflushed |
| 44 | 44hygienicAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionClean in a way that keeps you healthy. | ExampleWashing your hands before meals is a simple, hygienic habit worth teaching children. | Synonymssanitaryclean |
| 45 | 45graduallyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionSlowly, over a period of time. | ExampleAfter surgery, patients are encouraged to gradually increase their walking each day. | Synonymsslowlysteadily |
| 46 | 46severelyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionTo a very serious or great degree. | ExampleThe hiker was severely dehydrated by the time paramedics reached the trail. | Synonymsseriouslybadly |
| 47 | 47acutelyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionVery strongly or sharply. | ExampleShe was acutely aware of every ache while waiting for her test results. | Synonymsintenselysharply |
| 48 | 48come down withPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo start to have an illness. | ExampleHalf the office seems to come down with a cold whenever the weather turns. | Synonymscatchcontract |
| 49 | 49pass outPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo suddenly lose consciousness for a short time. | ExampleIf you skip breakfast before donating blood, you might pass out at the clinic. | Synonymsfaintblack out |
| 50 | 50get overPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo recover from an illness or hardship. | ExampleIt took my grandfather a month to get over the pneumonia completely. | Synonymsrecover fromshake off |
Topic 04
Environment50 words
Words for climate, conservation, recycling and community green initiatives.
| # | Word | Part of speech | Definition | Example sentence | Synonyms |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1pollutionNoun | Noun | DefinitionHarmful substances that damage air, water or land. | ExampleTraffic pollution downtown has pushed the city to expand its bike-lane network. | Synonymscontaminationimpurity |
| 2 | 2emissionNoun | Noun | DefinitionGas or a substance released into the air, often harmful. | ExampleNew factories must keep their carbon emissions well below the strict provincial limits. | Synonymsdischargerelease |
| 3 | 3compostNoun | Noun | DefinitionRotted food and plant waste used to enrich soil. | ExampleWe keep a small bin of compost under the sink for vegetable peels and coffee grounds. | Synonymsfertilizermulch |
| 4 | 4conservationNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe careful protection of nature and resources. | ExampleLocal conservation groups planted native trees along the riverbank early last spring. | Synonymsprotectionpreservation |
| 5 | 5climateNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe usual weather pattern of a place over many years. | ExampleScientists warn that a warming climate is shrinking glaciers across western Canada. | Synonymsweather patternconditions |
| 6 | 6wildlifeNoun | Noun | DefinitionWild animals living in their natural surroundings. | ExampleDrivers are asked to slow down at dusk, when wildlife often crosses rural roads. | Synonymsanimalsfauna |
| 7 | 7habitatNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe natural home of an animal or plant. | ExampleDraining the marsh destroyed the habitat of dozens of local bird species. | Synonymssurroundingshome |
| 8 | 8landfillNoun | Noun | DefinitionA large site where garbage is buried. | ExampleSorting recyclables properly keeps tonnes of plastic out of the city landfill each year. | Synonymsdumpgarbage site |
| 9 | 9droughtNoun | Noun | DefinitionA long period with little or no rain. | ExampleFarmers in the prairies lost much of their crop during last summer's severe drought. | Synonymsdry spelldryness |
| 10 | 10deforestationNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe clearing of large areas of forest. | ExampleRapid deforestation removes the trees that soak up rainfall and hold soil in place. | Synonymsclearinglogging |
| 11 | 11disposalNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe act of getting rid of waste. | ExampleProper disposal of old batteries keeps toxic metals out of the water supply. | Synonymsremovaldumping |
| 12 | 12shortageNoun | Noun | DefinitionA situation where there is not enough of something. | ExampleA water shortage during the heat wave forced the town to ban lawn sprinklers. | Synonymsscarcitylack |
| 13 | 13ecosystemNoun | Noun | DefinitionA community of living things and their surroundings. | ExampleEven a small oil spill can throw a river ecosystem badly out of balance. | Synonymsbiomenatural system |
| 14 | 14smogNoun | Noun | DefinitionA mix of smoke and fog that dirties the air. | ExampleOn hot, still days, smog settles over the highway and irritates people's lungs. | Synonymshazefumes |
| 15 | 15sewageNoun | Noun | DefinitionDirty water and waste carried away in drains. | ExampleHeavy storms sometimes overwhelm the pipes and push raw sewage into the harbour. | Synonymswastewatereffluent |
| 16 | 16runoffNoun | Noun | DefinitionRainwater that flows over land into rivers or drains. | ExampleFertilizer washed into the farm runoff feeds the algae that chokes nearby lakes. | Synonymsdrainageoverflow |
| 17 | 17erosionNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe gradual wearing away of soil or rock. | ExamplePlanting grass along the slope slowed the erosion caused by heavy spring rain. | Synonymsweatheringwearing away |
| 18 | 18footprintNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe total amount of harm your actions do to nature. | ExampleCycling to work instead of driving shrinks your household's carbon footprint quite noticeably. | Synonymstollmark |
| 19 | 19recycleVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo treat used items so they can be used again. | ExampleResidents can recycle glass, cardboard and cans in the blue bins each week. | Synonymsreprocessrepurpose |
| 20 | 20preserveVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo keep something safe from harm or loss. | ExampleVolunteers cleared away invasive weeds to preserve the meadow's delicate native wildflowers. | Synonymsprotectconserve |
| 21 | 21contaminateVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo make something dirty or unsafe with harmful matter. | ExampleLeaking fuel tanks can contaminate the groundwater that nearby wells depend on. | Synonymspollutetaint |
| 22 | 22depleteVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo use up a supply until little is left. | ExampleOverfishing can deplete cod stocks faster than they are able to recover. | Synonymsexhaustdrain |
| 23 | 23reuseVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo use something again instead of throwing it away. | ExampleShoppers who reuse cloth bags help stores cut down on single-use plastic. | Synonymsrepurposereclaim |
| 24 | 24dwindleVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo become steadily smaller or fewer. | ExampleAs the wetlands vanish, the number of nesting frogs continues to dwindle. | Synonymsshrinkdiminish |
| 25 | 25replenishVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo fill something up again after it is used. | ExampleWinter snow helps replenish the reservoirs that supply the city with drinking water. | Synonymsrefillrestock |
| 26 | 26harvestVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo gather a crop or collect a natural resource. | ExampleSome homes now harvest rainwater in barrels to water their gardens all summer. | Synonymsgathercollect |
| 27 | 27offsetVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo balance out something harmful with something helpful. | ExampleMany airlines now let travellers offset their flight emissions by funding tree-planting projects. | Synonymscounterbalanceneutralize |
| 28 | 28restoreVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo bring something back to its original good state. | ExampleCrews worked all season to restore the salmon stream to its natural flow. | Synonymsreviverenew |
| 29 | 29purifyVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo make something clean and free of harmful matter. | ExampleWetlands naturally purify runoff before it reaches the river that supplies our town's drinking water. | Synonymscleansefilter |
| 30 | 30reforestVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo plant trees again where a forest was lost. | ExampleCrews worked all spring to reforest the burned hillside before the heavy autumn rains returned. | Synonymsreplantafforest |
| 31 | 31salvageVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo rescue useful material from waste or ruin. | ExampleWorkers salvage metal and wood from demolished houses instead of trashing everything. | Synonymsreclaimrecover |
| 32 | 32sustainableAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionAble to continue long-term without harming nature. | ExampleSustainable farming slowly rebuilds the soil rather than stripping it of vital nutrients. | Synonymslong-lastingviable |
| 33 | 33renewableAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionAble to be replaced naturally and never run out. | ExampleWind and solar are renewable sources that will not run dry like oil. | Synonymsinexhaustibleunlimited |
| 34 | 34biodegradableAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionAble to break down naturally without harming the environment. | ExampleThe café switched to biodegradable cups that rot down in a compost pile. | Synonymscompostabledecomposable |
| 35 | 35eco-friendlyAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionNot harmful to the natural world. | ExampleMany families choose eco-friendly cleaners that are gentler on rivers and skin. | Synonymsgreennon-polluting |
| 36 | 36toxicAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionPoisonous and harmful to living things. | ExampleOld paint often contains toxic lead, so it needs special handling at the depot. | Synonymspoisonousharmful |
| 37 | 37scarceAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionHard to find because there is very little. | ExampleClean drinking water becomes scarce in the region during long, dry summers. | Synonymslimitedsparse |
| 38 | 38endangeredAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionAt serious risk of dying out completely. | ExampleLogging near the old-growth stand now threatens several endangered local bird species. | Synonymsthreatenedvanishing |
| 39 | 39hazardousAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionDangerous, especially to health or safety. | ExamplePaint, motor oil and batteries count as hazardous waste and need separate drop-off. | Synonymsdangerousunsafe |
| 40 | 40wastefulAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionUsing more than is needed and creating waste. | ExampleLeaving the tap running while brushing your teeth is a wasteful daily habit. | Synonymsextravagantuneconomical |
| 41 | 41solarAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionUsing energy from the sun. | ExampleOur neighbours installed solar panels that cover most of their summer electricity bills. | Synonymssun-poweredphotovoltaic |
| 42 | 42ecologicalAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionRelating to the natural balance of living things. | ExampleRemoving the wetland would cause ecological damage that could take decades to reverse. | Synonymsenvironmentalgreen |
| 43 | 43pristineAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionPerfectly clean and untouched. | ExampleHikers are urged to keep the alpine meadows pristine by packing out all garbage. | Synonymsunspoiledimmaculate |
| 44 | 44aridAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionVery dry, with little rainfall. | ExampleCrops struggle in the arid interior unless farmers rely on steady irrigation. | Synonymsdryparched |
| 45 | 45globallyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionIn a way that affects the whole world. | ExamplePlastic waste is now found globally, even in the deepest ocean trenches. | Synonymsworldwideinternationally |
| 46 | 46responsiblyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionIn a careful, sensible way that avoids harm. | ExampleIf everyone disposed of waste responsibly, our beaches would stay far cleaner. | Synonymssensiblycarefully |
| 47 | 47drasticallyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionIn a way that shows a very large change. | ExampleRecycling programs drastically reduced the amount of plastic our neighbourhood sends to the landfill each year. | Synonymsdramaticallysharply |
| 48 | 48throw awayPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo get rid of something you no longer want. | ExampleRather than throw away worn clothes, donate them to a local shelter. | Synonymsdiscarddispose of |
| 49 | 49wipe outPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo completely destroy or remove something. | ExampleA single oil spill can wipe out the fish that families along the coast depend on. | Synonymsdestroyeliminate |
| 50 | 50clean upPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo remove dirt, mess or pollution from a place. | ExampleHundreds of volunteers turned out to clean up the shoreline last Saturday. | Synonymstidyclear up |
Topic 05
Technology50 words
Vocabulary for devices, software, the internet and digital life.
| # | Word | Part of speech | Definition | Example sentence | Synonyms |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1deviceNoun | Noun | DefinitionA piece of equipment made for a particular purpose. | ExampleMy grandmother finally learned to video-call us on her new tablet device. | Synonymsgadgetappliance |
| 2 | 2softwareNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe programs that tell a computer what to do. | ExampleOur accountant switched to cloud software so the whole team can share files. | Synonymsprogramapplication |
| 3 | 3passwordNoun | Noun | DefinitionA secret set of characters that unlocks an account. | ExampleChoose a long password that mixes letters, numbers and symbols for better protection. | Synonymspasscodeaccess code |
| 4 | 4networkNoun | Noun | DefinitionA group of computers or devices connected together. | ExampleGuests can join our home network using the code taped inside the cupboard. | Synonymssystemconnection |
| 5 | 5backupNoun | Noun | DefinitionA spare copy of data kept in case of loss. | ExampleKeep a backup of your photos on an external drive before updating the phone. | Synonymscopyduplicate |
| 6 | 6cybersecurityNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe practice of protecting computers from online attacks. | ExampleAfter the data breach, the worried bank spent millions strengthening its aging cybersecurity. | Synonymsdata protectiononline security |
| 7 | 7notificationNoun | Noun | DefinitionA short message alerting you to new activity. | ExampleTurn off notification sounds at night so late messages do not wake you. | Synonymsalertreminder |
| 8 | 8glitchNoun | Noun | DefinitionA small, sudden fault in how something works. | ExampleA minor glitch in the app logged everyone out during the lunch-hour rush. | Synonymsbugfault |
| 9 | 9malfunctionNoun | Noun | DefinitionA failure to work in the normal way. | ExampleA sudden printer malfunction delayed the boarding passes for nearly twenty waiting travellers. | Synonymsbreakdownfault |
| 10 | 10hardwareNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe physical parts of a computer or machine. | ExampleAncient hardware was the reason the classroom computers kept freezing during every lesson. | Synonymsequipmentcomponents |
| 11 | 11browserNoun | Noun | DefinitionA program used to look at websites. | ExampleClearing your browser history now and then can speed up slow web pages. | Synonymsweb clientnavigator |
| 12 | 12bandwidthNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe amount of data a connection can carry. | ExampleStreaming films in the evening eats up most of our household's bandwidth. | Synonymscapacitydata rate |
| 13 | 13serverNoun | Noun | DefinitionA powerful computer that stores or sends data to others. | ExampleWhen the server went down, staff could not open a single shared document. | Synonymshostmainframe |
| 14 | 14gadgetNoun | Noun | DefinitionA small, clever electronic tool or device. | ExampleEvery year some new gadget promises to organize our messy schedules for us. | Synonymsgizmocontraption |
| 15 | 15algorithmNoun | Noun | DefinitionA set of steps a computer follows to solve a task. | ExampleA recommendation algorithm decides which videos appear at the top of your feed. | Synonymsprocedureformula |
| 16 | 16interfaceNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe screen and controls you use to work a device. | ExampleA cluttered interface frustrates most users and drives them toward far simpler apps. | Synonymslayoutcontrols |
| 17 | 17databaseNoun | Noun | DefinitionAn organized store of information on a computer. | ExampleStaff update the customer database whenever someone changes a phone or mailing address. | Synonymsdata storerecords |
| 18 | 18firewallNoun | Noun | DefinitionA barrier that blocks unwanted access to a network. | ExampleA strong firewall stops most hackers from reaching the company's private files. | Synonymsbarriershield |
| 19 | 19upgradeVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo replace something with a newer, better version. | ExampleWe plan to upgrade the store's checkout system before the holiday rush. | Synonymsmodernizeenhance |
| 20 | 20installVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo set up software or equipment so it is ready to use. | ExampleTechnicians will install the new security cameras throughout the underground parking garage tomorrow. | Synonymsfitload |
| 21 | 21browseVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo look through web pages or items casually. | ExampleDuring the flight delay, passengers browsed the internet using the airport's free wifi. | Synonymssurfskim |
| 22 | 22downloadVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo copy files from the internet onto a device. | ExampleDownload the boarding pass before you leave home in case the wifi drops. | Synonymssaveretrieve |
| 23 | 23troubleshootVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo find and fix the cause of a problem. | ExampleOur IT team spent an hour trying to troubleshoot the frozen payroll system. | Synonymsdiagnosedebug |
| 24 | 24automateVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo make a task run by machine without human effort. | ExampleSmall businesses can automate invoices so reminders are sent out on their own. | Synonymsmechanizestreamline |
| 25 | 25syncVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo match data across devices so it stays the same. | ExamplePhotos taken on the phone automatically sync to the laptop within seconds. | Synonymsmatch upalign |
| 26 | 26rebootVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo turn a device off and on again to fix it. | ExampleIf the tablet freezes, reboot it by holding the power button for ten seconds. | Synonymsrestartreset |
| 27 | 27encryptVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo scramble data so only authorized people can read it. | ExampleBanks encrypt your details so thieves cannot read them if messages are intercepted. | Synonymsencodescramble |
| 28 | 28configureVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo set up a device or program the way you want. | ExampleYou can configure the printer to email scans straight to your inbox. | Synonymsarrangeadjust |
| 29 | 29crashVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo stop working suddenly and completely. | ExampleMy laptop chose to crash just minutes before the quarterly report was due. | Synonymsfreezefail |
| 30 | 30hackVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo break into a computer system without permission. | ExampleScammers try to hack email accounts by tricking people into sharing passwords. | Synonymsbreak intobreach |
| 31 | 31activateVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo make a feature or service start working. | ExampleText the code to activate your new bus pass on the transit app. | Synonymsenableswitch on |
| 32 | 32virtualAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionExisting on a computer rather than in the physical world. | ExampleMany clinics added virtual visits so patients can see a doctor from home. | Synonymsonlinesimulated |
| 33 | 33compatibleAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionAble to work together with something else. | ExampleCheck that the charger is compatible with your model before buying it. | Synonymsmatchingsuited |
| 34 | 34wirelessAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionWorking without connecting cables or wires. | ExampleA wireless keyboard clears the tangle of cords and cables from your desk. | Synonymscordlesscable-free |
| 35 | 35outdatedAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionNo longer modern or useful. | ExampleAn outdated browser can leave your online accounts wide open to serious threats. | Synonymsold-fashioneddated |
| 36 | 36innovativeAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionUsing clever new ideas or methods. | ExampleAn innovative city app now lets riders report potholes with a single tap. | Synonymsinventivegroundbreaking |
| 37 | 37digitalAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionUsing computer technology and electronic signals. | ExampleLibraries lend digital books that vanish from your device when the loan ends. | Synonymselectroniccomputerized |
| 38 | 38portableAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionLight and easy to carry from place to place. | ExampleA portable charger keeps your phone alive during long days away from outlets. | Synonymsmobilehandheld |
| 39 | 39user-friendlyAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionSimple and pleasant to use. | ExampleSeniors praised the clinic's user-friendly booking site for its large, clear buttons. | Synonymseasy-to-useaccessible |
| 40 | 40obsoleteAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionSo old-fashioned it is no longer used. | ExampleFax machines are nearly obsolete now that documents travel instantly by email. | Synonymsoutmodeddefunct |
| 41 | 41seamlessAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionSmooth, with no awkward gaps or problems. | ExampleRiders enjoy a seamless transfer when one tap pays for bus and train alike. | Synonymssmootheffortless |
| 42 | 42cloud-basedAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionStored and run on the internet, not one machine. | ExampleA cloud-based calendar lets the whole family see who is free this weekend. | Synonymsonlineweb-hosted |
| 43 | 43high-techAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionUsing the most advanced modern technology. | ExampleFarmers now rely on high-tech sensors that measure moisture deep in the soil. | Synonymsadvancedcutting-edge |
| 44 | 44instantlyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionImmediately, without any delay. | ExampleTap to pay and the fare is deducted instantly from your transit card. | Synonymsimmediatelyat once |
| 45 | 45securelyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionIn a safe way that prevents unauthorized access. | ExampleStore all your passwords securely rather than jotting them on loose sticky notes. | Synonymssafelyprotectively |
| 46 | 46manuallyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionBy hand, without automatic help. | ExampleAfter the scanner failed at the till, the cashier entered each price manually. | Synonymsby handpersonally |
| 47 | 47log inPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo enter details to access an account or system. | ExampleYou must log in with your health card number to view test results online. | Synonymssign inaccess |
| 48 | 48plug inPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo connect a device to power or another device. | ExampleRemember to plug in the laptop, since its battery drains quickly during video calls. | Synonymsconnecthook up |
| 49 | 49set upPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo prepare equipment or an account for use. | ExampleIt took only minutes to set up the smart speaker in the living room. | Synonymsarrangeassemble |
| 50 | 50shut downPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo turn a computer or system completely off. | ExampleAlways shut down the office computers properly before leaving for the long weekend. | Synonymspower offswitch off |
Topic 06
Travel & Tourism50 words
Words for trips, bookings, airports and exploring new places.
| # | Word | Part of speech | Definition | Example sentence | Synonyms |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1itineraryNoun | Noun | DefinitionA detailed plan of a trip, listing dates and stops. | ExampleOur travel agent emailed a full itinerary showing every flight and hotel stay. | Synonymsscheduletravel plan |
| 2 | 2destinationNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe place a person is travelling to. | ExampleBanff remains a favourite destination for families looking for dramatic mountain scenery. | Synonymsendpointtarget |
| 3 | 3reservationNoun | Noun | DefinitionAn arrangement to hold a room, table or seat. | ExampleMake a dinner reservation early, since seaside restaurants fill up fast in July. | Synonymsbookingarrangement |
| 4 | 4accommodationNoun | Noun | DefinitionA place to stay while away from home. | ExampleBudget accommodation near the station saved the students plenty of money for tours. | Synonymslodginghousing |
| 5 | 5luggageNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe bags and cases you take on a trip. | ExamplePack light so your luggage stays comfortably under the airline's strict weight limit. | Synonymsbaggagesuitcases |
| 6 | 6customsNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe place where officials check goods you bring into a country. | ExampleAt the airport, customs asked whether we were carrying any fresh fruit or plants. | Synonymsborder controlinspection |
| 7 | 7sightseeingNoun | Noun | DefinitionVisiting interesting places as a tourist. | ExampleWe spent the morning sightseeing before the afternoon heat grew too strong. | Synonymstouringexploring |
| 8 | 8attractionNoun | Noun | DefinitionA place people enjoy visiting for interest or fun. | ExampleNiagara's waterfall is the region's most popular attraction during the summer months. | Synonymslandmarkhighlight |
| 9 | 9souvenirNoun | Noun | DefinitionA small item kept to remember a place visited. | ExampleMy daughter chose a tiny maple-leaf pin as a souvenir from Ottawa. | Synonymskeepsakememento |
| 10 | 10departureNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe act of leaving, especially on a journey. | ExampleFog pushed our departure back three hours, so we waited at the gate. | Synonymsleavingexit |
| 11 | 11delayNoun | Noun | DefinitionA period of waiting caused by a hold-up. | ExampleA long delay on the tarmac meant we missed the connecting train downtown. | Synonymshold-upwait |
| 12 | 12layoverNoun | Noun | DefinitionA short stop between flights on a journey. | ExampleDuring our layover in Toronto, we grabbed lunch and stretched our legs. | Synonymsstopoverbreak |
| 13 | 13excursionNoun | Noun | DefinitionA short trip taken for pleasure. | ExampleGuests raved about the whale-watching excursion that leaves the pier at dawn. | Synonymsoutingday trip |
| 14 | 14hospitalityNoun | Noun | DefinitionFriendly, generous treatment of guests. | ExampleWarm hospitality from our hosts made the small fishing village feel like home. | Synonymswelcomefriendliness |
| 15 | 15passportNoun | Noun | DefinitionAn official document allowing travel between countries. | ExampleCheck that your passport will not expire within six months of your trip. | Synonymstravel documentpapers |
| 16 | 16touristNoun | Noun | DefinitionA person who travels to visit places for pleasure. | ExampleEvery summer, thousands of tourists crowd the boardwalk to watch the sunset. | Synonymsvisitortraveller |
| 17 | 17voyageNoun | Noun | DefinitionA long journey, usually by sea or in space. | ExampleTheir cruise was a three-week voyage that stopped at ports along the coast. | Synonymsjourneycrossing |
| 18 | 18getawayNoun | Noun | DefinitionA short holiday away from ordinary life. | ExampleA quiet weekend getaway to the lake was exactly what the tired couple needed. | Synonymsretreatescape |
| 19 | 19exploreVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo travel through a place to discover what it is like. | ExampleWe rented bikes to explore the quiet country roads outside the village. | Synonymsdiscoverinvestigate |
| 20 | 20cancelVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo decide something planned will not happen. | ExampleHeavy snow forced the airline to cancel every flight leaving that afternoon. | Synonymscall offscrap |
| 21 | 21boardVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo get onto a plane, ship, train or bus. | ExamplePassengers travelling with small children were invited to board the plane first. | Synonymsget onenter |
| 22 | 22embarkVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo begin a journey or board a ship or plane. | ExampleEarly travellers embarked on the ferry as the harbour lights flickered off. | Synonymsset outcommence |
| 23 | 23navigateVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo find and follow the right way to a place. | ExampleUsing a paper map, we navigated the old town's narrow, winding streets. | Synonymssteerpilot |
| 24 | 24roamVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo wander freely without a fixed plan. | ExampleWith no schedule to follow, they let themselves roam the market for hours. | Synonymsrambledrift |
| 25 | 25ventureVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo go somewhere that may be risky or unknown. | ExampleFew tourists venture beyond the main square to the villages in the hills. | Synonymsdarebrave |
| 26 | 26rescheduleVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo change the planned time of something. | ExampleAfter the storm warning, we chose to reschedule our ferry crossing for Monday. | Synonymspostponerearrange |
| 27 | 27wanderVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo walk slowly with no particular goal. | ExampleOn our last evening, we wandered along the harbour eating warm chestnuts. | Synonymsstrollmeander |
| 28 | 28bookVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo arrange and pay for travel or a room in advance. | ExampleBook your train tickets several weeks ahead to catch the cheapest available seats. | Synonymsreservearrange |
| 29 | 29backpackVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo travel cheaply carrying your belongings in a pack. | ExampleAfter graduation, my cousin plans to backpack across three provinces by bus. | Synonymsrough ithike |
| 30 | 30sailVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo travel across water in a boat or ship. | ExampleEach July, the small ferry sails between the two islands twice a day. | Synonymscruisevoyage |
| 31 | 31trekVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo make a long, hard journey on foot. | ExampleHikers trek for two days to reach the glacier at the end of the valley. | Synonymshikemarch |
| 32 | 32scenicAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionHaving beautiful natural views. | ExampleA scenic drive along the coast is worth the extra hour it adds. | Synonymsbeautifulpanoramic |
| 33 | 33memorableAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionWorth remembering because it is special. | ExampleWatching the northern lights was the most memorable night of our whole trip. | Synonymsunforgettableremarkable |
| 34 | 34adventurousAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionWilling to try new or daring things. | ExampleMore adventurous guests signed up for the dawn hike up the steep ridge. | Synonymsdaringbold |
| 35 | 35picturesqueAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionPretty enough to look like a picture. | ExampleTheir cottage sat in a picturesque green valley dotted with grazing sheep. | Synonymscharmingquaint |
| 36 | 36exoticAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionStrikingly different and often from a faraway place. | ExampleVendors at the night market sold exotic fruits none of us had ever tasted. | Synonymsunusualforeign |
| 37 | 37coastalAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionRelating to or near the sea. | ExampleFog often rolls into the coastal towns long before it reaches inland farms. | Synonymsseasideshoreline |
| 38 | 38culturalAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionRelating to the customs and arts of a society. | ExampleA guided cultural tour introduced us to local weaving and traditional songs. | Synonymstraditionalartistic |
| 39 | 39luxuriousAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionVery comfortable and expensive. | ExampleFor their anniversary, they splurged on a luxurious suite overlooking the bay. | Synonymslavishplush |
| 40 | 40breathtakingAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionSo beautiful or exciting it amazes you. | ExampleFrom the summit, the breathtaking view stretched all the way to the border. | Synonymsstunningspectacular |
| 41 | 41relaxingAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionMaking you feel calm and rested. | ExampleNothing beats a relaxing afternoon reading by the pool after a busy tour. | Synonymssoothingrestful |
| 42 | 42tropicalAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionBelonging to the hot, wet regions near the equator. | ExampleThey traded the Canadian winter for a tropical beach and warm ocean swims. | Synonymswarmequatorial |
| 43 | 43seasonalAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionHappening only at a particular time of year. | ExampleSeasonal ferries stop running altogether once the lake freezes over in late November. | Synonymsperiodictime-limited |
| 44 | 44abroadAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionIn or to a foreign country. | ExampleWorking abroad for a year gave my sister a taste for slower travel. | Synonymsinternationallyaway |
| 45 | 45leisurelyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionIn a slow, relaxed way, without hurry. | ExampleWe strolled leisurely through the botanical gardens, stopping to photograph the roses. | Synonymsunhurriedlyslowly |
| 46 | 46overseasAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionTo or in a country across the sea. | ExampleMany students head overseas after high school to learn a second language. | Synonymsfar afieldinternationally |
| 47 | 47check inPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo register your arrival at a hotel or airport. | ExampleGuests can check in after three o'clock and drop their bags at the desk earlier. | Synonymsregistersign in |
| 48 | 48check outPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo pay and leave a hotel at the end of a stay. | ExampleRemember to check out before eleven or the hotel adds another night's charge. | Synonymssettle updepart |
| 49 | 49set offPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo begin a journey. | ExampleWe set off at sunrise to beat the traffic heading toward the mountains. | Synonymsdepartstart out |
| 50 | 50stop overPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo break a journey for a short stay somewhere. | ExampleOn the way home, we stopped over in Vancouver to visit old friends. | Synonymspausebreak |
Topic 07
Transportation50 words
Vocabulary for commuting, public transit, driving and city traffic.
| # | Word | Part of speech | Definition | Example sentence | Synonyms |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1commuteNoun | Noun | DefinitionA regular journey between home and work. | ExampleMy daily commute to downtown Toronto takes almost an hour when the trains are running late. | Synonymsjourneytrip |
| 2 | 2transitNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe system of buses, trains and subways people share. | ExampleVancouver's public transit is clean and frequent, so many residents leave their cars parked at home. | Synonymspublic transporttransportation |
| 3 | 3fareNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe money you pay to ride a bus or train. | ExampleSince the fare increased last month, some students have started biking to campus instead. | Synonymsticket pricecharge |
| 4 | 4routeNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe path a vehicle follows from start to finish. | ExampleOur bus route was changed because of construction near the community centre this summer. | Synonymspathcourse |
| 5 | 5congestionNoun | Noun | DefinitionHeavy traffic that slows everything down on busy roads. | ExampleTraffic congestion on the bridge gets so bad that a short trip can take forty minutes. | Synonymstraffic jambackup |
| 6 | 6detourNoun | Noun | DefinitionA different route taken when the usual road is closed. | ExampleA long detour around the flooded underpass made everyone late for the morning meeting. | Synonymsdiversionbypass |
| 7 | 7pedestrianNoun | Noun | DefinitionA person walking rather than driving or riding. | ExampleDrivers must stop whenever a pedestrian steps onto the crosswalk near the elementary school. | Synonymswalkerpasserby |
| 8 | 8intersectionNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe place where two or more roads cross. | ExampleAt the busy intersection downtown, a new camera now catches drivers who run red lights. | Synonymsjunctioncrossroads |
| 9 | 9vehicleNoun | Noun | DefinitionA machine such as a car, truck or bus used for travel. | ExampleEvery vehicle entering the ferry lineup must have its headlights turned off before boarding. | Synonymsautomobilecar |
| 10 | 10transferNoun | Noun | DefinitionA change from one bus or train to another. | ExampleWith a single transfer at the central station, I can reach the airport in half an hour. | Synonymsconnectionchangeover |
| 11 | 11platformNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe raised area beside train tracks where you wait. | ExamplePassengers crowded onto the narrow platform as the delayed train finally pulled into the station. | Synonymsboarding areabay |
| 12 | 12collisionNoun | Noun | DefinitionA crash between two or more vehicles. | ExampleAfter a minor collision on the highway, both drivers exchanged insurance details and called the police. | Synonymscrashwreck |
| 13 | 13roadworkNoun | Noun | DefinitionRepairs or building being done on a road. | ExampleOngoing roadwork on Main Street has forced cyclists onto the sidewalk for several weeks. | Synonymsconstructionrepairs |
| 14 | 14licenceNoun | Noun | DefinitionAn official card allowing you to drive legally. | ExampleBefore renting a car in Alberta, you must show a valid driver's licence and a credit card. | Synonymspermitauthorization |
| 15 | 15parkingNoun | Noun | DefinitionSpace where vehicles are left for a time. | ExampleFinding cheap parking near the hospital is nearly impossible during weekday visiting hours. | Synonymscar parklot |
| 16 | 16gridlockNoun | Noun | DefinitionA traffic jam so complete that nothing moves. | ExampleWeekend festivals often cause total gridlock, leaving buses stuck for blocks around the stadium. | Synonymsstandstilltraffic jam |
| 17 | 17rideshareNoun | Noun | DefinitionA service where you book a car and driver by app. | ExampleWhen the last bus leaves too early, I usually order a rideshare to get home safely. | Synonymsride-hailingtaxi service |
| 18 | 18mergeVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo join smoothly into a moving lane of traffic. | ExampleNew drivers often feel nervous when they must merge onto a busy highway during rush hour. | Synonymsjoinconverge |
| 19 | 19yieldVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo let other traffic go before you. | ExampleAt the roundabout, you must yield to vehicles already circling before you enter. | Synonymsgive waydefer |
| 20 | 20accelerateVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo go faster in a vehicle. | ExampleIf you accelerate too quickly on icy roads, the wheels can easily lose their grip. | Synonymsspeed upquicken |
| 21 | 21brakeVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo slow or stop a vehicle. | ExamplePlease brake gently in the school zone, where children often dart between the parked cars. | Synonymsslow downhalt |
| 22 | 22honkVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo sound a vehicle's horn as a warning. | ExampleImpatient drivers honk loudly whenever the light turns green even a second late. | Synonymsbeeptoot |
| 23 | 23rerouteVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo send traffic along a different path. | ExampleBecause of the parade, the city will reroute several bus lines through the north end. | Synonymsdivertredirect |
| 24 | 24signalVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo show which way you plan to turn. | ExampleAlways signal before changing lanes so the cars behind you know your intentions. | Synonymsindicateflag |
| 25 | 25overtakeVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo pass a slower vehicle ahead of you. | ExampleNever try to overtake another car on a narrow bridge with oncoming traffic. | Synonymspassgo past |
| 26 | 26stallVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo stop running suddenly, said of an engine. | ExampleMy old car tends to stall at red lights whenever the weather turns very cold. | Synonymscut outdie |
| 27 | 27reverseVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo drive a vehicle backwards. | ExampleLearning to reverse smoothly into a tight parking spot takes plenty of practice for most new drivers. | Synonymsback upback out |
| 28 | 28towVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo pull a vehicle away using another vehicle. | ExampleThe city will tow any car left in the snow-route lane during a winter storm. | Synonymshauldrag |
| 29 | 29speedVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo drive faster than the legal limit. | ExampleDrivers who speed through residential areas now face steep fines and demerit points. | Synonymsracezoom |
| 30 | 30veerVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo turn sharply to one side. | ExampleThe truck had to veer around a fallen branch that blocked half the road. | Synonymsswerveturn |
| 31 | 31idleVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo leave an engine running while parked. | ExampleMany cities ask drivers not to idle their engines outside schools to reduce pollution. | Synonymstick overkeep running |
| 32 | 32reliableAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionAble to be trusted to work as expected. | ExampleCommuters want a reliable train that arrives on time even during heavy snowfall. | Synonymsdependabletrustworthy |
| 33 | 33accessibleAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionEasy to enter or use, including for disabled people. | ExampleEvery new station must be fully accessible, with elevators and ramps for wheelchair users. | Synonymsbarrier-freereachable |
| 34 | 34frequentAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionHappening often, with short gaps between. | ExampleFrequent bus service along this corridor means you rarely wait more than five minutes. | Synonymsregularrecurring |
| 35 | 35crowdedAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionFilled with far too many people at once. | ExampleThe subway is so crowded at eight in the morning that I can barely reach the doors. | Synonymspackedjammed |
| 36 | 36oncomingAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionMoving toward you from the front. | ExampleDim your high beams whenever you notice oncoming cars approaching on a dark rural road. | Synonymsapproachingincoming |
| 37 | 37slipperyAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionSmooth or icy so that it is hard to grip. | ExampleFreezing rain left the overpass slippery, so the city sent salt trucks out before the morning rush. | Synonymsslickicy |
| 38 | 38undergroundAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionLocated below the surface of the ground. | ExampleToronto's underground network of tunnels lets pedestrians avoid the cold during the harsh winter months. | Synonymssubterraneanbelow-ground |
| 39 | 39one-wayAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionAllowing movement in a single direction only. | ExampleDelivery drivers dislike the many one-way streets that force them to circle the block repeatedly. | Synonymssingle-directionunidirectional |
| 40 | 40recklessAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionCareless about the danger caused to others. | ExampleReckless driving near the daycare prompted neighbours to demand speed bumps on the street. | Synonymscarelessirresponsible |
| 41 | 41directAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionGoing straight to a place without stops or changes. | ExampleA direct bus to the airport saves travellers from dragging heavy suitcases through crowded transfer stations. | Synonymsnonstopstraight |
| 42 | 42outboundAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionTravelling away from the city centre. | ExampleOutbound trains fill quickly on Friday evenings as workers head home to the suburbs. | Synonymsoutgoingdeparting |
| 43 | 43cautiouslyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionIn a careful and watchful way. | ExampleDrive cautiously through the construction zone, where workers stand close to the open lane. | Synonymscarefullywarily |
| 44 | 44smoothlyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionIn an even way, without any trouble. | ExampleOnce the new signals were installed, traffic flowed much more smoothly through downtown. | Synonymsevenlyeffortlessly |
| 45 | 45steadilyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionAt a constant and even rate. | ExampleThe lineup at the border crossing moved steadily, so we reached Seattle by noon. | Synonymsconsistentlyconstantly |
| 46 | 46pull overPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo move a vehicle to the side and stop. | ExampleWhen you hear a siren, pull over to the right and let the ambulance pass. | Synonymspull upstop |
| 47 | 47drop offPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo take someone to a place and leave them there. | ExampleMy neighbour offered to drop off the kids at hockey practice on her way to work. | Synonymsdeliverlet off |
| 48 | 48pick upPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo collect someone or something from a place. | ExampleCould you pick up my parents from the airport while I finish the afternoon shift? | Synonymscollectfetch |
| 49 | 49hop onPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo get onto a bus or train quickly. | ExampleIf you hop on the express bus, you will skip a dozen local stops. | Synonymsboardget on |
| 50 | 50cut offPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo move in front of another vehicle suddenly and dangerously. | ExampleA speeding taxi cut off our bus so sharply that the driver had to brake hard. | Synonymsswerve in frontovertake |
Topic 08
Housing & Accommodation50 words
Words for renting, buying, maintaining and sharing a home.
| # | Word | Part of speech | Definition | Example sentence | Synonyms |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1landlordNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe owner who rents a property to tenants. | ExampleOur landlord agreed to replace the broken dishwasher before we signed the new lease. | Synonymsproperty ownerlessor |
| 2 | 2tenantNoun | Noun | DefinitionA person who pays to live in a rented home. | ExampleAs a tenant, you have the right to a written notice before any rent increase. | Synonymsrenteroccupant |
| 3 | 3leaseNoun | Noun | DefinitionA signed contract to rent a home for a set time. | ExampleBefore signing the lease, read the section about pets and guest policies very carefully. | Synonymsrental agreementcontract |
| 4 | 4mortgageNoun | Noun | DefinitionA long-term loan used to buy a home. | ExampleAfter years of saving, the young couple finally qualified for a mortgage on a small townhouse. | Synonymshome loanproperty loan |
| 5 | 5utilitiesNoun | Noun | DefinitionBasic home services like water, heat and electricity. | ExampleIn this building, utilities are included, so you pay one flat amount every month. | Synonymsservicesamenities |
| 6 | 6depositNoun | Noun | DefinitionMoney paid upfront to cover possible damage. | ExampleYour landlord must return the security deposit within a few weeks after you move out. | Synonymsbondsecurity payment |
| 7 | 7renovationNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe work of repairing or updating a building. | ExampleA full kitchen renovation added real value to their aging home in the suburb. | Synonymsremodellingmakeover |
| 8 | 8maintenanceNoun | Noun | DefinitionRegular work done to keep something in good condition. | ExampleBuilding maintenance handles leaky taps and broken lights, usually within a day or two. | Synonymsupkeeprepairs |
| 9 | 9suburbNoun | Noun | DefinitionA residential area on the edge of a city. | ExampleMany families move to the suburb for larger yards and quieter, safer streets. | Synonymsoutskirtsresidential area |
| 10 | 10condominiumNoun | Noun | DefinitionA privately owned unit in a shared building. | ExampleOwning a condominium means paying monthly fees that cover the pool, gym and hallway cleaning. | Synonymsstrata unitflat |
| 11 | 11basementNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe floor of a building below ground level. | ExampleThey rent out the basement to a student to help cover their mortgage payments. | Synonymscellarlower level |
| 12 | 12inspectionNoun | Noun | DefinitionA careful check of a home's condition. | ExampleThe bank required a full inspection before approving the loan on the century-old house. | Synonymsexaminationcheck |
| 13 | 13evictionNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe legal removal of a tenant from a home. | ExampleRepeated noise complaints can eventually lead to an eviction notice from the property manager. | Synonymsremovalexpulsion |
| 14 | 14roommateNoun | Noun | DefinitionA person you share a rented home with. | ExampleSplitting rent with a roommate makes living close to campus far more manageable. | Synonymshousemateflatmate |
| 15 | 15dwellingNoun | Noun | DefinitionA house, apartment or other place where people live. | ExampleEach dwelling on the street must have a working smoke detector on every floor. | Synonymsresidenceabode |
| 16 | 16premisesNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe building and land that a home occupies. | ExampleSmoking is not permitted anywhere on the premises, including the shared balcony and parking area. | Synonymspropertygrounds |
| 17 | 17plumbingNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe pipes that carry water through a building. | ExampleOld plumbing in the basement burst overnight, flooding the laundry room with cold water. | Synonymspipeswater system |
| 18 | 18relocateVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo move to a new home or area. | ExampleWhen my company opened a branch in Halifax, we chose to relocate the whole family. | Synonymsmoveresettle |
| 19 | 19subletVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo rent your place to someone else for a while. | ExampleStudents often sublet their apartments over the summer while they return to their hometowns. | Synonymssubleaserent out |
| 20 | 20decorateVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo make a room look attractive with colours and objects. | ExampleMy sister loves to decorate each room with plants, warm lighting and secondhand furniture. | Synonymsspruce upadorn |
| 21 | 21landscapeVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo improve a yard with plants, grass and paths. | ExampleNew owners plan to landscape the bare front yard with shrubs, a tidy hedge and flower beds. | Synonymsgardenplant |
| 22 | 22occupyVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo live in or take up a space. | ExampleThree generations now occupy the same large house near the community centre. | Synonymslive inreside in |
| 23 | 23remodelVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo change the structure or look of a building. | ExampleThe couple plans to remodel their dated bathroom before they list the house for sale. | Synonymsrevampredo |
| 24 | 24insulateVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo add material that keeps heat in or out. | ExampleProperly insulate the attic, and your winter heating bills will drop noticeably. | Synonymsweatherproofseal |
| 25 | 25unpackVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo take things out of boxes after moving. | ExampleIt took us a whole weekend to unpack every box in the new townhouse. | Synonymsunloadempty out |
| 26 | 26vacateVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo leave a home so others can use it. | ExampleTenants must vacate the unit by noon on the final day of the lease. | Synonymsleavequit |
| 27 | 27renewVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo extend an agreement for more time. | ExampleIf you renew the lease early, the landlord promised to keep the rent unchanged. | Synonymsextendcontinue |
| 28 | 28repaintVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo cover walls with fresh paint again. | ExampleBefore new tenants arrive, the owner will repaint the hallway and patch small holes. | Synonymstouch uprecoat |
| 29 | 29mowVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo cut grass short with a machine. | ExampleIn this neighbourhood, tenants are expected to mow the lawn and shovel the walk. | Synonymscuttrim |
| 30 | 30inhabitVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo live in a particular place. | ExampleRaccoons had come to inhabit the empty attic long before the family moved back in. | Synonymsdwell inreside in |
| 31 | 31rewireVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo replace the electrical wiring in a building. | ExampleAn electrician had to rewire the century-old duplex before it met the city's safety code. | Synonymsre-cablerework |
| 32 | 32furnishedAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionSupplied with furniture and ready to live in. | ExampleA furnished suite costs more, but newcomers avoid buying beds and sofas right away. | Synonymsequippedfitted |
| 33 | 33spaciousAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionHaving plenty of open room inside. | ExampleTheir spacious living room easily fits a large sectional and a long dining table. | Synonymsroomyairy |
| 34 | 34cozyAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionSmall, warm and nicely comfortable to relax in. | ExampleEven in January, the cozy basement apartment stays warm without running the heater all day. | Synonymssnugwarm |
| 35 | 35draftyAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionLetting in cold, unwanted outside air. | ExampleOld wooden windows make the upstairs bedrooms drafty during the coldest weeks of winter. | Synonymsbreezychilly |
| 36 | 36crampedAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionUncomfortably small, tight and short of space. | ExampleFour roommates found the tiny kitchen far too cramped for cooking meals together. | Synonymstightconfined |
| 37 | 37upscaleAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionExpensive and of a high quality. | ExampleNew upscale condominiums along the waterfront now sell for well over a million dollars. | Synonymsluxurioushigh-end |
| 38 | 38run-downAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionIn poor condition from lack of care. | ExampleThat run-down duplex needs a new roof, fresh paint and completely updated wiring. | Synonymsdilapidatedshabby |
| 39 | 39semi-detachedAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionJoined to one other house by a shared wall. | ExampleThey bought a semi-detached home whose shared wall keeps their heating bills pleasantly low all winter. | Synonymsduplexattached |
| 40 | 40detachedAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionStanding alone and not joined to other homes. | ExampleA detached house gives you a private yard but usually costs far more to heat. | Synonymsfreestandingstandalone |
| 41 | 41adjoiningAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionNext to and connected with something. | ExampleOur unit shares an adjoining wall, so we sometimes hear the neighbours' television. | Synonymsneighbouringconnected |
| 42 | 42leakyAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionAllowing liquid to escape through a hole. | ExampleA leaky roof left brown stains across the ceiling of the top-floor bedroom. | Synonymsdrippingporous |
| 43 | 43centrallyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionIn or near the middle of an area. | ExampleBecause the condo is centrally located, we walk to work and rarely drive. | Synonymshandilyclose by |
| 44 | 44comfortablyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionIn a way that provides ease and comfort. | ExampleThis two-bedroom suite comfortably houses a small family with room for a home office. | Synonymseasilyamply |
| 45 | 45tastefullyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionIn an attractive and well-chosen way. | ExampleThe staged home was tastefully decorated, which helped it sell within a single weekend. | Synonymselegantlystylishly |
| 46 | 46move inPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo begin living in a new home. | ExampleWe can move in as soon as the landlord finishes cleaning the carpets. | Synonymssettletake occupancy |
| 47 | 47move outPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo stop living in a home and leave. | ExampleGive at least sixty days' notice before you plan to move out of the apartment. | Synonymsleaveclear out |
| 48 | 48settle inPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo get comfortable in a new place. | ExampleIt took the children a few weeks to settle in after the big move. | Synonymsget comfortableadjust |
| 49 | 49fix upPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo repair and make something better. | ExampleThey bought a cheap fixer and spent a year working to fix up every room. | Synonymsrepairdo up |
| 50 | 50hook upPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo connect a service or appliance. | ExampleRemember to hook up the internet and hydro before your first night in the house. | Synonymsconnectwire up |
Topic 09
Money & Finance50 words
Vocabulary for budgeting, banking, saving and everyday expenses.
| # | Word | Part of speech | Definition | Example sentence | Synonyms |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1budgetNoun | Noun | DefinitionA plan for how to spend and save money. | ExampleSticking to a monthly budget helped us finally pay down our credit card debt. | Synonymsspending planfinancial plan |
| 2 | 2expenseNoun | Noun | DefinitionMoney spent on a particular thing. | ExampleChildcare is the biggest expense for many young families living in expensive cities. | Synonymscostoutlay |
| 3 | 3incomeNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe money you earn or receive regularly. | ExampleSince our household income dropped, we have been cooking at home far more often. | Synonymsearningspay |
| 4 | 4savingsNoun | Noun | DefinitionMoney kept aside for future use. | ExampleMy grandmother built up her savings slowly by putting a little away each payday. | Synonymsnest eggreserves |
| 5 | 5debtNoun | Noun | DefinitionMoney that you owe to someone else. | ExamplePaying off student debt took nearly a decade, but the relief afterward felt wonderful. | Synonymsarrearsliability |
| 6 | 6loanNoun | Noun | DefinitionA sum of money borrowed that must be repaid. | ExampleBefore taking a car loan, compare the interest rates offered by several different banks. | Synonymsadvancecredit |
| 7 | 7interestNoun | Noun | DefinitionExtra money charged for borrowing or earned for saving. | ExampleA high interest rate on that card means the balance grows quickly if unpaid. | Synonymsfinance chargereturn |
| 8 | 8insuranceNoun | Noun | DefinitionRegular payments that protect you against loss. | ExampleHome insurance covered most of the damage after the pipe burst in the basement. | Synonymscoverageprotection |
| 9 | 9transactionNoun | Noun | DefinitionA single act of buying, selling or transferring money. | ExampleEvery transaction on your account appears in the app within a few seconds. | Synonymsdealingpayment |
| 10 | 10statementNoun | Noun | DefinitionA record of money moving in and out of an account. | ExampleCheck your monthly statement carefully for any charges you do not recognize. | Synonymsaccount recordsummary |
| 11 | 11instalmentNoun | Noun | DefinitionOne of several regular payments toward a total. | ExampleYou can pay for the new laptop in six equal instalments with no added interest. | Synonymspart paymentmonthly payment |
| 12 | 12currencyNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe type of money used in a country. | ExampleTravellers should exchange some currency before arriving so they can pay for a taxi. | Synonymsmoneylegal tender |
| 13 | 13paychequeNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe regular payment you receive for working. | ExampleA large chunk of every paycheque goes straight toward rent in this expensive city. | Synonymswagespay |
| 14 | 14overdraftNoun | Noun | DefinitionA negative balance when you spend more than you have. | ExampleAn unexpected overdraft fee reminded me to track my spending much more closely. | Synonymsnegative balanceshortfall |
| 15 | 15allowanceNoun | Noun | DefinitionA small amount of money given regularly. | ExampleOur kids earn their weekly allowance by helping with chores around the house. | Synonymspocket moneystipend |
| 16 | 16creditNoun | Noun | DefinitionAn amount of money added into your account. | ExampleAfter the store refunded the jacket, a small credit appeared on my account the next morning. | Synonymsdepositmoney in |
| 17 | 17inflationNoun | Noun | DefinitionA general rise in prices over time. | ExampleBecause of inflation, the same grocery cart costs noticeably more than it did last year. | Synonymsrising pricesprice increases |
| 18 | 18windfallNoun | Noun | DefinitionA sudden, unexpected amount of money. | ExampleMy uncle used a small lottery windfall to clear his mortgage in one payment. | Synonymsbonusunexpected gain |
| 19 | 19investVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo put money into something to earn more later. | ExampleFinancial advisors often suggest you invest steadily rather than chase quick, risky returns. | Synonymsput money inback |
| 20 | 20withdrawVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo take money out of an account. | ExampleYou can withdraw cash without a fee at any machine from your own bank. | Synonymsdraw outcash out |
| 21 | 21borrowVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo take money that you will pay back. | ExampleTry not to borrow more than you can comfortably repay within a couple of years. | Synonymstake a loanget credit |
| 22 | 22lendVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo give money that you expect back later. | ExampleBanks are usually less willing to lend money when interest rates climb sharply. | Synonymsloan outadvance |
| 23 | 23spendVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo use money to buy things. | ExampleMany shoppers spend far more during the holidays than their budget allows. | Synonymspay outshell out |
| 24 | 24oweVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo need to pay money to someone. | ExampleAfter the vet bill, we still owe a few hundred dollars on the payment plan. | Synonymsbe in debtbe liable |
| 25 | 25repayVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo pay back money you borrowed. | ExampleShe managed to repay the entire loan two years ahead of the schedule. | Synonymspay backreimburse |
| 26 | 26earnVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo receive money in return for work. | ExampleWeekend shifts let students earn extra cash while keeping up with their classes. | Synonymsmakebring in |
| 27 | 27squanderVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo waste money in a careless way. | ExampleIt is easy to squander a whole paycheque on takeout and gadgets you never really needed. | Synonymswastefritter away |
| 28 | 28economizeVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo spend less and use resources carefully. | ExampleTo economize this winter, the family lowered the thermostat and cancelled unused subscriptions. | Synonymscut costsbe frugal |
| 29 | 29accumulateVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo build up an amount gradually. | ExampleSmall automatic transfers each week let your savings accumulate without you even noticing. | Synonymsbuild upamass |
| 30 | 30deductVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo take an amount away from a total. | ExampleYour employer will automatically deduct pension contributions directly from each monthly paycheque. | Synonymssubtracttake off |
| 31 | 31stretchVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo make a limited amount go further. | ExampleNewcomers learn clever ways to stretch a tight budget during their first months here. | Synonymsmake lasteke out |
| 32 | 32frugalAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionCareful not to spend too much money. | ExampleMy frugal roommate packs lunch every day and rarely buys coffee out. | Synonymseconomicalsparing |
| 33 | 33thriftyAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionGood at using money and resources wisely. | ExampleA thrifty shopper always compares unit prices and patiently waits for the seasonal sales. | Synonymseconomicalcareful with money |
| 34 | 34wealthyAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionHaving a great deal of money. | ExampleEven wealthy families in this city struggle to buy a detached home. | Synonymsrichaffluent |
| 35 | 35brokeAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionHaving no money left at all. | ExampleBy the end of the month, many students feel completely broke until payday. | Synonymspennilessout of money |
| 36 | 36costlyAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionExpensive to buy, own or do. | ExampleRepairing an old furnace can be surprisingly costly, especially in the middle of winter. | Synonymsexpensivedear |
| 37 | 37financialAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionRelating to money and its management. | ExampleA sudden job loss can create real financial stress for an entire household. | Synonymsmoney-relatedfiscal |
| 38 | 38monetaryAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionConnected with money, cash or currency. | ExampleThe bank offers no monetary reward for opening an account, only a free tote bag. | Synonymsfiscalmoney-related |
| 39 | 39disposableAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionLeft to spend freely after paying necessities. | ExampleWith little disposable income, they rarely eat out or take weekend trips. | Synonymsspendableavailable |
| 40 | 40cash-strappedAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionShort of money and struggling to pay. | ExampleCash-strapped renters often delay dental work until a serious problem forces the issue. | Synonymsshort of moneyhard up |
| 41 | 41well-offAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionComfortable and having more than enough money. | ExampleFairly well-off now, my parents still shop carefully out of lifelong habit. | Synonymscomfortableprosperous |
| 42 | 42solventAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionHaving enough money to pay what you owe. | ExampleCareful budgeting kept the small bakery solvent even through a slow and worrying winter season. | Synonymsdebt-freefinancially sound |
| 43 | 43sensiblyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionIn a practical, reasonable way. | ExampleNewcomers who budget sensibly during their first year usually avoid piling up expensive credit card debt. | Synonymsreasonablypractically |
| 44 | 44prudentlyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionWith careful thought about the future. | ExampleInvesting prudently over many years usually beats trying to time the market. | Synonymscarefullysensibly |
| 45 | 45modestlyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionIn a small, limited amount. | ExampleBy spending modestly all year, the couple still managed a short trip to the east coast. | Synonymsmoderatelysparingly |
| 46 | 46set asidePhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo keep money for a particular purpose. | ExampleEach payday, I set aside a small amount for a summer trip out west. | Synonymsput byreserve |
| 47 | 47pay offPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo finish paying what you owe. | ExampleIt felt amazing to finally pay off the last of our high-interest cards. | Synonymsclearsettle |
| 48 | 48dip intoPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo use part of your saved money. | ExampleWe had to dip into our savings when the car needed a new transmission. | Synonymsdraw onuse up |
| 49 | 49take outPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo arrange to receive a loan or policy. | ExampleMany buyers take out a mortgage that stretches across twenty-five long years. | Synonymsborrowarrange |
| 50 | 50cut backPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo reduce how much you spend or use. | ExampleWhen prices rose, our family chose to cut back on takeout and streaming services. | Synonymsreducescale back |
Topic 10
Government & Public Services50 words
Words for city services, applications, policies and civic life.
| # | Word | Part of speech | Definition | Example sentence | Synonyms |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1councilNoun | Noun | DefinitionA group elected to run a city or town. | ExampleCity council voted to build a new library branch in the fast-growing east end. | Synonymslocal governmentboard |
| 2 | 2policyNoun | Noun | DefinitionAn official plan or rule guiding decisions. | ExampleA new provincial policy now offers free bus passes to seniors over seventy-five. | Synonymsguidelineofficial plan |
| 3 | 3regulationNoun | Noun | DefinitionAn official rule that people must follow. | ExampleFire regulation requires every rental building to test its alarms twice each year. | Synonymsruledirective |
| 4 | 4permitNoun | Noun | DefinitionAn official document allowing you to do something. | ExampleYou need a building permit before adding a deck to your backyard in most towns. | Synonymslicenceauthorization |
| 5 | 5applicationNoun | Noun | DefinitionA formal request submitted to an authority. | ExampleYour citizenship application may take several months, so gather your documents early. | Synonymsrequestsubmission |
| 6 | 6citizenshipNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe legal status of belonging to a country. | ExampleAfter five years as a resident, she proudly applied for Canadian citizenship. | Synonymsnationalitycitizen status |
| 7 | 7immigrationNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe process of people moving to live in a country. | ExampleFederal immigration targets shape how many newcomers arrive each year across the provinces. | Synonymsmigrationsettlement |
| 8 | 8bylawNoun | Noun | DefinitionA local rule made by a city or town. | ExampleA noise bylaw forbids loud construction before seven o'clock on weekday mornings. | Synonymslocal ruleordinance |
| 9 | 9legislationNoun | Noun | DefinitionLaws considered or passed by a government. | ExampleNew rental legislation will cap how much landlords can raise the rent each year. | Synonymslawsstatutes |
| 10 | 10ballotNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe paper or process used to cast a vote. | ExampleVoters marked a single ballot to choose their representative in last week's municipal election. | Synonymsvotevoting slip |
| 11 | 11eligibilityNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe state of meeting the rules to qualify. | ExampleYour eligibility for the housing grant depends on your income and family size. | Synonymsqualificationentitlement |
| 12 | 12registryNoun | Noun | DefinitionAn official list or record kept by authorities. | ExampleNewcomers must visit the land registry to confirm who legally owns the property. | Synonymsrecords officeofficial record |
| 13 | 13jurisdictionNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe area or matters an authority controls. | ExampleWaste collection falls under municipal jurisdiction, while highways belong to the province. | Synonymsauthoritycontrol |
| 14 | 14taxpayerNoun | Noun | DefinitionA person who pays taxes to the government. | ExampleEvery taxpayer deserves a clear explanation of how public money gets spent. | Synonymsratepayercontributor |
| 15 | 15censusNoun | Noun | DefinitionAn official count of a country's population. | ExampleResults from the national census help decide where new schools and clinics are built. | Synonymspopulation countheadcount |
| 16 | 16constituencyNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe area a politician is elected to represent. | ExampleOur constituency finally gained a second polling station after years of long lineups. | Synonymsridingelectoral district |
| 17 | 17ministryNoun | Noun | DefinitionA government department led by a minister. | ExampleThe ministry of health released updated guidelines for walk-in clinics across the province. | Synonymsdepartmentgovernment office |
| 18 | 18referendumNoun | Noun | DefinitionA public vote on a single important question. | ExampleResidents will settle the transit expansion through a referendum this coming autumn. | Synonymspublic voteplebiscite |
| 19 | 19amendVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo make small changes to a law or document. | ExampleCouncil agreed to amend the parking bylaw after dozens of residents complained. | Synonymsrevisemodify |
| 20 | 20administerVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo manage or run an official system or service. | ExampleA federal agency will administer the new support program for low-income families next spring. | Synonymsmanagerun |
| 21 | 21governVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo officially rule a country, region or city. | ExampleElected officials govern best when they actually listen to the communities they serve. | Synonymsrulelead |
| 22 | 22designateVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo officially choose something for a purpose. | ExamplePlanners will designate a large part of the waterfront as protected public green space. | Synonymsassignearmark |
| 23 | 23implementVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo put a plan or policy into action. | ExampleIt usually takes months to implement a new recycling program across an entire city. | Synonymsput in placeroll out |
| 24 | 24overseeVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo watch over and manage a process. | ExampleAn independent board will oversee how the flood relief funds are actually spent. | Synonymssupervisemonitor |
| 25 | 25authorizeVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo give official permission for something. | ExampleOnly a senior officer can authorize the release of these government records. | Synonymsapprovesanction |
| 26 | 26ratifyVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo formally approve an agreement or treaty. | ExampleProvincial leaders met in Ottawa this week to ratify the new health-funding agreement. | Synonymsapproveconfirm |
| 27 | 27lobbyVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo try to persuade officials to act a certain way. | ExampleParents continue to lobby the school board for safer crosswalks near the playground. | Synonymspressurge |
| 28 | 28subsidizeVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo pay part of a cost so it is cheaper. | ExampleThe province will subsidize daycare so more parents can return to work. | Synonymsfundhelp pay for |
| 29 | 29imposeVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo officially force a rule or charge on people. | ExampleCouncil voted to impose a new fee on short-term rentals to fund affordable housing projects. | Synonymsenforcelevy |
| 30 | 30notifyVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo officially tell someone about something. | ExampleAuthorities must notify all affected residents in writing before closing the neighbourhood clinic. | Synonymsinformadvise |
| 31 | 31enactVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo make a proposal into an official law. | ExampleLegislators moved quickly this spring to enact stronger legal protections for renters. | Synonymspassput into law |
| 32 | 32municipalAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionRelating to a city or town government. | ExampleMunicipal elections often draw far fewer voters than the federal or provincial ones do. | Synonymslocalcity-level |
| 33 | 33federalAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionRelating to the whole national government. | ExampleThanks to a federal grant, the small town replaced its aging water treatment plant. | Synonymsnationalcentral |
| 34 | 34provincialAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionRelating to a single province's government. | ExampleHealth care is mainly a provincial matter, so rules differ from one province to another. | Synonymsregionalterritorial |
| 35 | 35officialAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionApproved by a person or body in authority. | ExampleYou will receive an official letter confirming that your permit has been approved. | Synonymsformalauthorized |
| 36 | 36civicAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionRelating to a city or its citizens' duties. | ExampleVoting is a basic civic duty that shapes the future of your community. | Synonymscommunitycitizen-related |
| 37 | 37bureaucraticAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionInvolving many complicated and official rules. | ExampleThe bureaucratic process for opening a small business frustrates many first-time owners. | Synonymsadministrativeprocedural |
| 38 | 38nonpartisanAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionNot supporting any single political party. | ExampleA nonpartisan commission redraws the voting boundaries to keep local elections fair. | Synonymsneutralimpartial |
| 39 | 39statutoryAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionRequired or clearly set by law. | ExampleBanks close on statutory holidays, so plan your bill payments around them. | Synonymslegally requiredmandated |
| 40 | 40lawfulAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionAllowed by or according to the law. | ExamplePeaceful protest is a lawful way to make your voice heard on public issues. | Synonymslegalpermitted |
| 41 | 41electedAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionChosen for a position by voting. | ExampleEvery elected councillor holds regular office hours to hear from local residents. | Synonymsvoted-inchosen by vote |
| 42 | 42parliamentaryAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionRelating to the elected law-making assembly. | ExampleA parliamentary committee spent weeks reviewing the proposed changes to the pension plan. | Synonymslegislativegovernmental |
| 43 | 43legallyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionIn a way that follows the law. | ExampleNew residents can work legally as soon as they receive the proper documents. | Synonymslawfullyby law |
| 44 | 44formallyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionIn an official and proper manner. | ExampleYou must formally register your address change so your health card stays valid. | Synonymsofficiallyproperly |
| 45 | 45accordinglyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionIn a way that is suitable to the situation. | ExampleRules about short-term rentals changed, and hosts had to adjust their listings accordingly. | Synonymscorrespondinglysuitably |
| 46 | 46fill outPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo complete a form with information. | ExamplePlease fill out the entire application and attach two recent pieces of identification. | Synonymscompletefill in |
| 47 | 47carry outPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo perform or complete an official task. | ExampleInspectors will carry out random checks to make sure restaurants follow the health code. | Synonymsperformconduct |
| 48 | 48look intoPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo investigate a matter fully and carefully. | ExampleStaff agreed to look into how the parking fines were being issued. | Synonymsinvestigateexamine |
| 49 | 49follow upPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo take further action to check progress. | ExampleIf you hear nothing within a month, follow up with the immigration office directly. | Synonymscheck backpursue |
| 50 | 50phase outPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo slowly stop using something over time. | ExampleOver two years, the city will phase out old parking meters in favour of a mobile app. | Synonymsdiscontinuewind down |
Topic 11
Community & Neighbourhood50 words
Vocabulary for local events, volunteering and neighbourhood life.
| # | Word | Part of speech | Definition | Example sentence | Synonyms |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1residentNoun | Noun | DefinitionA person who lives in a particular area or building. | ExampleEvery resident on our street received a flyer about the new parking rules this week. | Synonymslocalinhabitant |
| 2 | 2volunteerNoun | Noun | DefinitionSomeone who offers to help without being paid. | ExampleOur library relies on a dedicated volunteer to run the weekend reading club for kids. | Synonymshelpercontributor |
| 3 | 3facilityNoun | Noun | DefinitionA building or place provided for a particular use. | ExampleThe new sports facility downtown offers swimming lessons for seniors on Tuesday mornings. | Synonymscomplexamenity |
| 4 | 4gatheringNoun | Noun | DefinitionAn event where people come together in one place. | ExampleA small gathering formed in the park to celebrate the community garden's first harvest. | Synonymsassemblymeetup |
| 5 | 5festivalNoun | Noun | DefinitionA public celebration with food, music or activities. | ExampleEach summer our neighbourhood hosts a food festival featuring dishes from more than twenty countries. | Synonymscelebrationfair |
| 6 | 6fundraiserNoun | Noun | DefinitionAn event held to collect money for a cause. | ExampleParents organized a bake-sale fundraiser to buy new equipment for the elementary school playground. | Synonymscharity drivecollection |
| 7 | 7charityNoun | Noun | DefinitionAn organization that helps people in need. | ExampleA local charity delivers warm meals to isolated seniors throughout the coldest winter months. | Synonymsnonprofitaid group |
| 8 | 8initiativeNoun | Noun | DefinitionA new plan or effort to solve a problem. | ExampleThe city launched a tree-planting initiative to make our streets greener and cooler in summer. | Synonymsprogramscheme |
| 9 | 9recreationNoun | Noun | DefinitionActivities done for enjoyment when not working. | ExampleOur community centre added evening recreation programs so families can stay active together after dinner. | Synonymsleisurepastime |
| 10 | 10belongingNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe feeling of being accepted as part of a group. | ExampleJoining the gardening club gave me a real sense of belonging in my new town. | Synonymsacceptanceinclusion |
| 11 | 11unityNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe state of people being joined together as one. | ExampleAfter the flood, a spirit of unity helped neighbours rebuild each other's fences and gardens. | Synonymstogethernesssolidarity |
| 12 | 12petitionNoun | Noun | DefinitionA signed request asking officials to take action. | ExampleResidents signed a petition asking the council to add a crosswalk near the busy school. | Synonymsappealrequest |
| 13 | 13get-togetherNoun | Noun | DefinitionA casual, friendly meeting of people. | ExampleMy neighbours host a monthly get-together where everyone brings a dish to share. | Synonymssocialgathering |
| 14 | 14newcomerNoun | Noun | DefinitionA person who has recently arrived somewhere. | ExampleAs a newcomer to Halifax, I appreciated how quickly my neighbours introduced themselves to me. | Synonymsnew arrivalimmigrant |
| 15 | 15potluckNoun | Noun | DefinitionA meal where each guest brings a dish to share. | ExampleOur building holds a summer potluck so tenants can meet the people living upstairs. | Synonymsshared mealcommunal dinner |
| 16 | 16cleanupNoun | Noun | DefinitionAn organized effort to tidy a public area. | ExampleDozens of teenagers joined the riverbank cleanup and filled forty bags with litter. | Synonymstidy-upclearing |
| 17 | 17outreachNoun | Noun | DefinitionEfforts to give help or information to people. | ExampleThe health unit runs an outreach program that visits shelters to offer free flu shots. | Synonymsassistancesupport |
| 18 | 18turnoutNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe number of people who attend an event. | ExampleTurnout for the winter craft market was so strong that vendors sold out by noon. | Synonymsattendanceparticipation |
| 19 | 19camaraderieNoun | Noun | DefinitionA warm, friendly feeling among a group of people. | ExamplePlaying on the local hockey team built a camaraderie that lasted long after the season ended. | Synonymsfriendshipfellowship |
| 20 | 20associationNoun | Noun | DefinitionAn organized group of people with a shared aim. | ExampleOur tenants' association meets monthly to discuss repairs and plan seasonal events together. | Synonymsorganizationleague |
| 21 | 21bulletinNoun | Noun | DefinitionA short public notice sharing news or information. | ExampleA weekly bulletin taped to the lobby door keeps tenants informed about repairs and upcoming meetings. | Synonymsnoticeannouncement |
| 22 | 22vicinityNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe area near or surrounding a place. | ExampleSeveral playgrounds in the vicinity were repainted by volunteers over the long weekend. | Synonymssurroundingsarea |
| 23 | 23participateVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo take part in an activity or event. | ExampleIf you want to participate in the street cleanup, meet us by the fountain at nine. | Synonymsjoin intake part |
| 24 | 24organizeVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo plan and arrange an event or activity. | ExampleTwo retired teachers organize the annual science fair for children across the neighbourhood. | Synonymsarrangeset up |
| 25 | 25engageVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo involve people so they take an active interest. | ExampleGood community leaders engage quiet residents by asking directly for their ideas and help. | Synonymsinvolveinclude |
| 26 | 26mingleVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo move around talking with different people. | ExampleDuring the block party, families mingled on the lawn while children chased bubbles nearby. | Synonymssocializecirculate |
| 27 | 27rallyVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo bring people together to support a cause. | ExampleWhen the shelter faced closing, hundreds rallied to raise money and keep it open. | Synonymsunitemobilize |
| 28 | 28fosterVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo encourage the growth or development of something. | ExampleShared community gardens foster friendships between people who might otherwise never even speak. | Synonymsencouragecultivate |
| 29 | 29conveneVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo bring people together for a meeting. | ExampleThe council will convene a public forum to hear opinions about the proposed bike lanes. | Synonymsassemblegather |
| 30 | 30canvassVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo go around asking people for support or opinions. | ExampleStudents volunteered to canvass the whole neighbourhood, asking residents to sign a petition for a new crosswalk. | Synonymspollsolicit |
| 31 | 31greetVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo welcome someone with friendly words or gestures. | ExampleMy elderly neighbour greets every dog walker who passes her front porch each morning. | Synonymswelcomeacknowledge |
| 32 | 32representVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo act or speak officially for a group. | ExampleShe was chosen to represent our building at the city's housing consultation next month. | Synonymsspeak forstand for |
| 33 | 33assembleVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo gather people together in one place. | ExampleOrganizers asked volunteers to assemble at the arena before spreading out to shovel elderly neighbours' driveways. | Synonymsgathermuster |
| 34 | 34congregateVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo gather together in a crowd or group. | ExampleOn warm evenings, teenagers congregate near the skate park to watch each other's tricks. | Synonymsassemblecluster |
| 35 | 35pitch inPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo join others in helping with a task. | ExampleWhen snow blocks the sidewalks, everyone on the block pitches in to shovel a path. | Synonymshelp outlend a hand |
| 36 | 36chip inPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo each give money or effort toward something. | ExampleNeighbours chipped in to buy a sturdy bench for the bus stop where seniors wait. | Synonymscontributedonate |
| 37 | 37reach outPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo offer help or make friendly contact. | ExampleAfter the storm, staff reached out to every senior living alone in the tower. | Synonymsmake contactconnect |
| 38 | 38inclusiveAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionWelcoming to everyone, regardless of background. | ExampleOur book club stays inclusive by choosing titles that reflect many cultures and viewpoints. | Synonymsopenaccepting |
| 39 | 39welcomingAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionFriendly and making people feel at ease. | ExampleNew families find our street welcoming because someone always offers to show them around. | Synonymsfriendlyhospitable |
| 40 | 40courteousAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionPolite and respectful toward other people. | ExampleA courteous driver always slows down near the community centre where children cross the road. | Synonymspoliteconsiderate |
| 41 | 41neighbourlyAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionKind and helpful, like a good neighbour. | ExampleLending tools and watching each other's pets are simple, neighbourly habits worth keeping. | Synonymsfriendlykind |
| 42 | 42livelyAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionFull of energy and activity. | ExampleFriday markets make the square lively, with buskers playing and children darting between stalls. | Synonymsbustlingenergetic |
| 43 | 43communalAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionShared by all members of a group. | ExampleResidents planted vegetables in the communal beds behind the apartment complex last spring. | Synonymssharedcollective |
| 44 | 44generousAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionWilling to give time, money or help freely. | ExampleA generous donor covered the cost of new lights for the outdoor skating rink. | Synonymsgivingcharitable |
| 45 | 45approachableAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionEasy to talk to and friendly. | ExampleBecause our councillor is so approachable, people stop her constantly to raise small worries. | Synonymseasygoingaccessible |
| 46 | 46spiritedAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionFull of enthusiasm and determination. | ExampleA spirited group of parents kept the after-school program alive despite the funding cuts. | Synonymsenthusiasticenergetic |
| 47 | 47harmoniousAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionPeaceful and free from conflict. | ExampleClear parking rules keep relations harmonious among the twelve families sharing the narrow driveway. | Synonymspeacefulamicable |
| 48 | 48cohesiveAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionUnited and working well together as one group. | ExampleA cohesive block of neighbours kept the community garden thriving through several difficult and drought-stricken summers. | Synonymsunitedclose-knit |
| 49 | 49eagerlyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionIn a keen and enthusiastic way. | ExampleChildren eagerly signed up to help decorate the float for the neighbourhood's annual winter parade. | Synonymskeenlyenthusiastically |
| 50 | 50warmlyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionIn a friendly and caring manner. | ExampleNew arrivals are warmly received at the settlement office, which offers tea and translation help. | Synonymskindlycordially |
Topic 12
Family & Relationships50 words
Words for family life, parenting, friendships and support.
| # | Word | Part of speech | Definition | Example sentence | Synonyms |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1relativeNoun | Noun | DefinitionA person connected to you by family. | ExampleEvery December, distant relatives travel from across the country to share one big holiday meal. | Synonymsfamily memberkin |
| 2 | 2siblingNoun | Noun | DefinitionA brother or a sister in a family. | ExampleGrowing up with four siblings taught me how to share space and settle arguments. | Synonymsbrothersister |
| 3 | 3spouseNoun | Noun | DefinitionA person's husband or wife. | ExampleMy spouse handles the grocery budget while I take care of the children's busy schedules. | Synonymspartnersignificant other |
| 4 | 4parentingNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe work of raising and caring for children. | ExampleGood parenting often means listening carefully instead of rushing to give advice. | Synonymschild-rearingraising children |
| 5 | 5childcareNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe care of children while parents are busy. | ExampleAffordable childcare would let many parents in our building return to full-time work. | Synonymsdaycarechild minding |
| 6 | 6upbringingNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe way a child is raised and taught. | ExampleHer strict but loving upbringing shaped the patient teacher she eventually became. | Synonymsrearingraising |
| 7 | 7householdNoun | Noun | DefinitionAll the people who live together in one home. | ExampleIn a busy household of six, everyone signs up for a chore on the fridge chart. | Synonymshomefamily unit |
| 8 | 8generationNoun | Noun | DefinitionAll the people born around the same time. | ExampleThree generations gathered on the porch to look through the faded family photo albums. | Synonymsage groupcohort |
| 9 | 9traditionNoun | Noun | DefinitionA custom passed down through a family or group. | ExampleBaking shortbread on Christmas Eve is a tradition my grandmother started decades ago. | Synonymscustomritual |
| 10 | 10bondNoun | Noun | DefinitionA close emotional connection between people. | ExampleThe bond between the twins was so strong they often finished each other's sentences. | Synonymsconnectionattachment |
| 11 | 11reunionNoun | Noun | DefinitionA gathering of family or friends after time apart. | ExampleOur family reunion draws almost a hundred cousins to the lakeside campground each August. | Synonymsgatheringhomecoming |
| 12 | 12milestoneNoun | Noun | DefinitionAn important event or stage in life. | ExampleHer first day of school felt like a major milestone for the whole family. | Synonymslandmarkturning point |
| 13 | 13caregiverNoun | Noun | DefinitionA person who looks after someone who needs help. | ExampleAs the main caregiver for his father, he arranges every medical appointment and meal. | Synonymscarerattendant |
| 14 | 14companionshipNoun | Noun | DefinitionFriendly company that eases loneliness. | ExampleA rescue dog gave my grandfather the daily companionship he had missed since retiring. | Synonymscompanyfriendship |
| 15 | 15offspringNoun | Noun | DefinitionA person's children, or an animal's young. | ExampleSalmon return to the same river to raise their offspring, much like families returning home. | Synonymschildrendescendants |
| 16 | 16kinshipNoun | Noun | DefinitionA family relationship or feeling of closeness. | ExampleShared meals and old stories create a kinship that reaches well beyond blood relatives. | Synonymsrelatednesscloseness |
| 17 | 17guardianNoun | Noun | DefinitionAn adult legally responsible for a child. | ExampleAfter the accident, an aunt became the legal guardian of both young children. | Synonymscaretakercustodian |
| 18 | 18ancestorNoun | Noun | DefinitionA family member from long ago. | ExampleMy ancestors settled in Nova Scotia more than two centuries ago, farming rocky land. | Synonymsforebearforefather |
| 19 | 19loyaltyNoun | Noun | DefinitionFirm and faithful support for someone. | ExampleLoyalty to family often means showing up quietly whenever times get truly hard. | Synonymsfaithfulnessallegiance |
| 20 | 20toddlerNoun | Noun | DefinitionA young child who is just learning to walk. | ExampleChasing an energetic toddler around the park quickly wears out even the fittest parents. | Synonymstotyoung child |
| 21 | 21in-lawNoun | Noun | DefinitionA relative gained through marriage. | ExampleMy in-laws welcomed me warmly the first time I joined their noisy Sunday dinner. | Synonymsrelationkin |
| 22 | 22newbornNoun | Noun | DefinitionA baby that has just been born. | ExampleFriends dropped off frozen dinners so the exhausted parents could focus on their newborn. | Synonymsinfantbaby |
| 23 | 23adoptVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo legally take another's child as your own. | ExampleAfter years of waiting, the couple adopted two siblings from a nearby foster home. | Synonymstake inraise as one's own |
| 24 | 24nurtureVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo care for and support growth or development. | ExamplePatient parents nurture curiosity by answering the endless questions small children love to ask. | Synonymscultivateraise |
| 25 | 25reconcileVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo restore friendly relations after a quarrel. | ExampleTwo brothers finally reconciled at their mother's birthday after years of stubborn silence. | Synonymsmake peacesettle differences |
| 26 | 26cherishVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo love and value someone deeply. | ExampleGrandparents often cherish the ordinary afternoons they spend baking cookies with their grandchildren. | Synonymstreasureadore |
| 27 | 27resembleVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo look or be similar to someone. | ExampleEveryone says the baby resembles her grandfather, especially when she frowns at strangers. | Synonymslook likemirror |
| 28 | 28inheritVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo receive money or traits from a relative. | ExampleHe inherited his mother's calm temper along with his father's stubborn streak. | Synonymsreceivebe left |
| 29 | 29babysitVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo care for children while parents are away. | ExampleMy teenage niece babysits the neighbours' twins every second Friday evening for pocket money. | Synonymsmindwatch over |
| 30 | 30pamperVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo treat someone with great care and comfort. | ExampleOn her birthday, the kids pampered their mother with breakfast in bed and flowers. | Synonymsspoilindulge |
| 31 | 31confideVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo share private feelings with someone trusted. | ExampleTeenagers are far more likely to confide in a parent who listens without judging. | Synonymsopen uptell |
| 32 | 32bickerVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo argue about small, unimportant things. | ExampleThe children bickered over the front seat until their father turned the radio up. | Synonymssquabblequarrel |
| 33 | 33accompanyVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo go somewhere together with someone. | ExampleEach week she accompanies her elderly mother to physiotherapy on the other side of town. | Synonymsgo withescort |
| 34 | 34disciplineVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo correct behaviour by teaching rules and limits. | ExampleExperts say it is better to discipline a child calmly than to shout in frustration. | Synonymscorrectguide |
| 35 | 35look afterPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo take care of someone or something. | ExampleWhile my sister recovers from surgery, I will look after her two dogs and garden. | Synonymscare formind |
| 36 | 36get alongPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo have a friendly relationship with someone. | ExampleAlthough they are very different people, the cousins get along better than most siblings. | Synonymsagreebe friendly |
| 37 | 37grow upPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo develop from a child into an adult. | ExampleKids who grow up near cousins often treat them like extra brothers and sisters. | Synonymsmaturecome of age |
| 38 | 38supportiveAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionGiving help, encouragement or comfort. | ExampleA supportive partner will celebrate your wins and steady you through the hardest setbacks. | Synonymscaringencouraging |
| 39 | 39close-knitAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionBound together by strong, warm relationships. | ExampleTheir close-knit family eats dinner together almost every night, with phones switched off. | Synonymstight-knitunited |
| 40 | 40elderlyAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionOld, especially describing older people politely. | ExampleMany elderly parents prefer to stay in their own homes with a little daily help. | Synonymsagedsenior |
| 41 | 41affectionateAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionShowing fondness and warmth toward others. | ExampleHe is an affectionate father who hugs his kids before every single school drop-off. | Synonymslovingwarm |
| 42 | 42protectiveAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionWanting to keep someone safe from harm. | ExampleOlder sisters can be fiercely protective of the younger ones on a crowded playground. | Synonymswatchfuldefensive |
| 43 | 43estrangedAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionNo longer close, after a serious disagreement. | ExampleAfter a decade estranged, father and son slowly rebuilt trust through weekly phone calls. | Synonymsalienateddistant |
| 44 | 44maternalAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionRelating to a mother or motherly feelings. | ExampleHer maternal instincts kicked in the moment the frightened toddler started to cry. | Synonymsmotherlynurturing |
| 45 | 45inseparableAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionAlways together and very close. | ExampleSince preschool, the two friends have been inseparable, sharing lunches and secrets alike. | Synonymscloseattached |
| 46 | 46devotedAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionVery loving and loyal to someone. | ExampleA devoted grandson, he calls his grandmother every single evening before she goes to bed. | Synonymsdedicatedloyal |
| 47 | 47mutualAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionShared or felt equally by two people. | ExampleLasting friendships rest on mutual respect and honesty rather than on constant agreement. | Synonymssharedreciprocal |
| 48 | 48compassionateAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionKind and caring toward those who suffer. | ExampleA compassionate caregiver notices sadness that a patient is too proud to mention aloud. | Synonymskindsympathetic |
| 49 | 49unconditionallyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionWithout any limits or conditions. | ExampleGood parents love their children unconditionally, even when their choices deeply disappoint them. | Synonymscompletelyabsolutely |
| 50 | 50fondlyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionIn a loving or affectionate way. | ExampleShe speaks fondly of the summers spent at her grandparents' farm as a girl. | Synonymslovinglywarmly |
Topic 13
Food & Nutrition50 words
Vocabulary for cooking, groceries, restaurants and healthy eating.
| # | Word | Part of speech | Definition | Example sentence | Synonyms |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1ingredientNoun | Noun | DefinitionOne of the foods or items used to make a dish. | ExampleBefore you start the soup, check that every ingredient on the recipe card is already in your kitchen. | Synonymscomponentelement |
| 2 | 2recipeNoun | Noun | DefinitionA set of steps and amounts for preparing a dish. | ExampleMy grandmother shared her butter tart recipe with me before we moved from Winnipeg to Halifax last spring. | Synonymsdirectionsformula |
| 3 | 3appetiteNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe desire to eat, especially when meals are approaching. | ExampleAfter a long shift at the warehouse, Marco came home with a huge appetite and reheated some stew. | Synonymshungercraving |
| 4 | 4cuisineNoun | Noun | DefinitionA style of cooking linked to a country or region. | ExampleVisitors to Toronto can sample cuisine from almost every region of the world within a few city blocks. | Synonymscookinggastronomy |
| 5 | 5portionNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe amount of food served to one person. | ExampleIf you serve a smaller portion at dinner, you can always go back for seconds later. | Synonymsservinghelping |
| 6 | 6leftoversNoun | Noun | DefinitionFood remaining after a meal that is saved for later. | ExampleInstead of ordering lunch downtown, Priya brings leftovers from last night's dinner to work in a glass container. | Synonymsremainsextras |
| 7 | 7groceryNoun | Noun | DefinitionFood and household supplies bought regularly from a store. | ExampleOur weekly grocery bill nearly doubled this winter, so we started planning every meal before shopping. | Synonymsprovisionssupplies |
| 8 | 8produceNoun | Noun | DefinitionFresh fruits and vegetables sold in stores or markets. | ExampleLocal produce tastes best in August, when Ontario farms deliver fresh corn and peaches to every supermarket. | Synonymscropsharvest |
| 9 | 9allergyNoun | Noun | DefinitionA bad physical reaction to a food or substance. | ExampleBecause my son has a peanut allergy, we read every label carefully before buying packaged treats. | Synonymssensitivityintolerance |
| 10 | 10flavourNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe particular taste a food or drink has. | ExampleA spoonful of smoked paprika gives this chili a deep flavour that guests always notice. | Synonymstastesavour |
| 11 | 11beverageNoun | Noun | DefinitionAny drink, whether hot or cold. | ExampleGuests can choose one hot beverage with their breakfast special at the diner on Main Street. | Synonymsdrinkrefreshment |
| 12 | 12condimentNoun | Noun | DefinitionA sauce or seasoning added to food at the table. | ExampleEach picnic table had a small basket with every condiment you could want, from mustard to relish. | Synonymsseasoningrelish |
| 13 | 13appetizerNoun | Noun | DefinitionA small dish served before the main course. | ExampleWhile we waited for the main course, the server brought a shared appetizer of stuffed mushrooms. | Synonymsstarterhors d'oeuvre |
| 14 | 14fibreNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe rough part of plant foods that keeps digestion regular. | ExampleNutritionists suggest adding more fibre to your breakfast by choosing oatmeal or whole-grain toast. | Synonymsroughagebulk |
| 15 | 15aromaNoun | Noun | DefinitionA pleasant smell, especially from food or drink. | ExampleAs soon as I opened the front door, the aroma of baked apples filled the hallway. | Synonymsscentfragrance |
| 16 | 16eateryNoun | Noun | DefinitionA casual place where meals are served. | ExampleA new family-run eatery opened beside the transit station, and it already has lineups at noon. | Synonymsrestaurantdiner |
| 17 | 17pantryNoun | Noun | DefinitionA cupboard or small room where dry food is stored. | ExampleWe keep rice, canned beans and pasta in the pantry in case a snowstorm keeps us home. | Synonymscupboardlarder |
| 18 | 18takeoutNoun | Noun | DefinitionPrepared food bought from a restaurant to eat elsewhere. | ExampleAfter the late council meeting, we ordered takeout from the Thai place instead of cooking. | Synonymstakeawaycarry-out |
| 19 | 19craveVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo want a particular food or thing very strongly. | ExampleDuring my night shifts at the hospital, I often crave something warm like tomato soup. | Synonymsdesirelong for |
| 20 | 20marinateVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo soak food in a seasoned liquid before cooking. | ExampleLet the chicken marinate in lemon juice and garlic overnight so it stays juicy on the barbecue. | Synonymssoaksteep |
| 21 | 21simmerVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo cook gently in liquid just below the boiling point. | ExampleTurn the heat down and let the sauce simmer for twenty minutes while you set the table. | Synonymsbubblestew |
| 22 | 22refrigerateVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo keep food cold so it stays fresh and safe. | ExampleAlways refrigerate the potato salad right after the picnic, or it will not be safe to eat tomorrow. | Synonymschillcool |
| 23 | 23thawVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo let frozen food soften and warm up slowly. | ExampleRemember to thaw the salmon in the fridge overnight instead of leaving it on the counter. | Synonymsdefrostmelt |
| 24 | 24digestVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo break down food in the body after eating. | ExampleEating slowly helps your body digest a heavy meal, so try not to rush dinner before hockey practice. | Synonymsabsorbprocess |
| 25 | 25seasonVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo add salt, herbs or spices to food. | ExampleChef Amara showed us how to season the stew gradually, tasting after every small addition. | Synonymsspiceflavour |
| 26 | 26grillVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo cook food over direct heat, often outdoors. | ExampleOn long summer evenings, my neighbours grill burgers in the backyard and invite the whole street over. | Synonymsbarbecuebroil |
| 27 | 27spoilVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo become rotten and unsafe to eat. | ExampleMilk will spoil quickly in a hot car, so drive straight home after the supermarket run. | Synonymsrotgo bad |
| 28 | 28dineVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo eat a meal, especially in a formal or special setting. | ExampleTo celebrate their anniversary, my parents plan to dine at a small seafood place near the harbour. | Synonymseatfeast |
| 29 | 29garnishVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo add a small decoration to a finished dish. | ExampleJust before serving, garnish the soup with fresh parsley to make the bowls look more inviting. | Synonymsdecorateadorn |
| 30 | 30brewVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo prepare tea or coffee by soaking it in hot water. | ExampleEvery morning before the kids wake up, Dad likes to brew a strong pot of coffee. | Synonymssteepprepare |
| 31 | 31indulgeVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo let yourself enjoy a treat you do not really need. | ExampleOnce a month, our study group indulges in a big plate of poutine after the library closes. | Synonymstreatpamper |
| 32 | 32nutritiousAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionFull of the substances your body needs to stay healthy. | ExampleAlthough frozen vegetables seem boring, they are often just as nutritious as the fresh ones at the market. | Synonymshealthynourishing |
| 33 | 33dietaryAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionRelating to the foods a person regularly eats. | ExampleWhen you register for the banquet, please list any dietary restrictions so the caterer can plan suitable dishes. | Synonymsnutritionalfood-related |
| 34 | 34organicAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionGrown or raised without artificial chemicals or sprays. | ExampleMany families at our farmers' market pay a little extra for organic carrots grown without chemical sprays. | Synonymsnaturalchemical-free |
| 35 | 35processedAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionChanged from its natural state in a factory before sale. | ExampleDoctors at our clinic suggest eating fewer processed snacks because they usually contain extra salt and sugar. | Synonymsrefinedpackaged |
| 36 | 36homemadeAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionMade at home rather than bought from a store. | ExampleNothing warms up a snowy evening in Regina like homemade bread straight from the oven. | Synonymshome-cookedhandmade |
| 37 | 37culinaryAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionConnected with cooking or the kitchen. | ExampleSofia signed up for a weekend culinary course downtown to learn knife skills from a professional chef. | Synonymscookinggastronomic |
| 38 | 38vegetarianAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionBased on plants and containing no meat or fish. | ExampleOur cafeteria now offers a vegetarian option every day, and even the meat eaters often choose it. | Synonymsmeat-freeplant-based |
| 39 | 39savouryAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionTasting pleasantly salty or spiced rather than sweet. | ExampleBetween the sweet pastries and the savoury pies, most customers at the bakery pick the pies. | Synonymssaltyflavourful |
| 40 | 40wholesomeAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionGood for your health and made from simple, natural foods. | ExampleParents at the daycare asked for wholesome snacks such as fruit, cheese and whole-grain crackers. | Synonymshealthfulnourishing |
| 41 | 41perishableAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionLikely to go bad quickly if not kept cold. | ExamplePack perishable items like yogurt in a cooler bag if your bus ride home takes an hour. | Synonymseasily spoiledshort-lived |
| 42 | 42staleAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionNo longer fresh, often dry and tasteless. | ExampleNobody wanted the stale muffins in the break room, so someone finally turned them into bird food. | Synonymsolddry |
| 43 | 43heartyAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionFilling and satisfying, especially describing a large warm meal. | ExampleOn cold February nights, a hearty beef stew is the meal my family requests most often. | Synonymsfillingsatisfying |
| 44 | 44blandAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionLacking any strong taste, spice or seasoning. | ExampleThe hospital food was so bland that Maria asked her sister to bring hot sauce from home. | Synonymstastelessflavourless |
| 45 | 45locallyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionWithin the nearby area rather than far away. | ExampleOur co-op café proudly serves food that is grown locally, mostly from farms within an hour's drive. | Synonymsnearbyregionally |
| 46 | 46sparinglyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionIn small amounts; without using too much. | ExampleUse the maple syrup sparingly at first, because its sweetness can easily overpower the pancakes. | Synonymslightlymoderately |
| 47 | 47stock upPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo buy a large supply of something for later use. | ExampleBefore the long weekend, shoppers stock up on burgers and buns for their family barbecues. | Synonymsload upstockpile |
| 48 | 48cut down onPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo use or consume less of something. | ExampleMy doctor asked me to cut down on sugary drinks and switch to sparkling water at lunch. | Synonymsreducelimit |
| 49 | 49eat outPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo have a meal at a restaurant instead of home. | ExampleSince both of us started working downtown, we eat out far more often than we should. | Synonymsdine outeat at restaurants |
| 50 | 50whip upPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo prepare a meal or dish very quickly. | ExampleWith only twenty minutes before the guests arrived, Leah managed to whip up a pasta dinner. | Synonymsprepare quicklythrow together |
Topic 14
Shopping & Consumerism50 words
Words for purchases, refunds, deals and consumer rights.
| # | Word | Part of speech | Definition | Example sentence | Synonyms |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1receiptNoun | Noun | DefinitionA printed proof of what you bought. | ExampleKeep your receipt in case the blender stops working within the return period. | Synonymsproof of purchasesales slip |
| 2 | 2refundNoun | Noun | DefinitionMoney returned when you give an item back. | ExampleThe store offered a full refund once I explained the jacket's zipper was already broken. | Synonymsreimbursementmoney back |
| 3 | 3discountNoun | Noun | DefinitionAn amount taken off the normal price. | ExampleStudents get a ten-percent discount at the bookstore during the first week of term. | Synonymsreductionprice cut |
| 4 | 4bargainNoun | Noun | DefinitionSomething bought for much less than usual. | ExampleWinter coats become a real bargain in March, once the shops need the space. | Synonymsdealsteal |
| 5 | 5warrantyNoun | Noun | DefinitionA promise to repair or replace a faulty product. | ExampleMy laptop's warranty covers repairs for two years, so I registered it online right away. | Synonymsguaranteecoverage |
| 6 | 6retailerNoun | Noun | DefinitionA business that sells goods to the public. | ExampleSeveral online retailers now let you return items for free at any postal outlet. | Synonymssellermerchant |
| 7 | 7customerNoun | Noun | DefinitionA person who buys goods or services. | ExampleA patient customer waited while the clerk searched the back room for the right size. | Synonymsbuyershopper |
| 8 | 8checkoutNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe place where you pay in a store. | ExampleLong lines at the checkout make me abandon my cart more often than I admit. | Synonymstillcash register |
| 9 | 9cashierNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe employee who takes payment from shoppers. | ExampleA friendly cashier pointed out that the cereal was cheaper in the larger box. | Synonymsclerkteller |
| 10 | 10brandNoun | Noun | DefinitionA named product made by a particular company. | ExampleSome shoppers trust a familiar brand even when store labels cost far less. | Synonymslabelmake |
| 11 | 11merchandiseNoun | Noun | DefinitionGoods that are offered for sale. | ExampleSeasonal merchandise fills the front aisles long before the actual holiday even arrives. | Synonymsgoodsstock |
| 12 | 12consumerNoun | Noun | DefinitionA person who buys and uses products. | ExampleCanadian consumers have the right to a refund on goods that were wrongly described. | Synonymsbuyeruser |
| 13 | 13membershipNoun | Noun | DefinitionPaid access to a club or store's benefits. | ExampleA warehouse membership only pays off if you shop there almost every single week. | Synonymsenrolmentaffiliation |
| 14 | 14clearanceNoun | Noun | DefinitionA sale to sell off remaining stock cheaply. | ExampleEverything on the clearance rack was marked down twice before the store finally closed. | Synonymssalecloseout |
| 15 | 15couponNoun | Noun | DefinitionA ticket giving a discount on a purchase. | ExampleShe clips grocery coupons every Sunday and rarely pays full price for cleaning supplies. | Synonymsdiscount slippromo code |
| 16 | 16voucherNoun | Noun | DefinitionA document exchanged for goods or a discount. | ExampleAs an apology for the delay, they mailed me a voucher worth twenty dollars. | Synonymsgift certificatecredit note |
| 17 | 17markdownNoun | Noun | DefinitionA reduction in a product's selling price. | ExampleA surprise markdown on patio furniture drew a small crowd to the garden section. | Synonymsreductionprice cut |
| 18 | 18aisleNoun | Noun | DefinitionA passage between shelves in a store. | ExampleCleaning products sit in the same aisle as pet food at our local supermarket. | Synonymspassagewalkway |
| 19 | 19storefrontNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe front part of a shop facing the street. | ExampleA bright new storefront replaced the empty shop that had worried the whole block. | Synonymsshopfrontfacade |
| 20 | 20selectionNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe range of goods available to choose from. | ExampleThis shop's selection of winter boots is wider than anywhere else in the town. | Synonymsrangeassortment |
| 21 | 21vendorNoun | Noun | DefinitionA person or company that sells something. | ExampleWeekend vendors at the market sell honey, candles and handmade soap from folding tables. | Synonymssellertrader |
| 22 | 22boutiqueNoun | Noun | DefinitionA small shop selling stylish or special items. | ExampleA tiny boutique on the corner sells locally made jewellery that visitors always love. | Synonymsshopstore |
| 23 | 23purchaseVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo buy something, usually goods or services. | ExampleBefore you purchase a mattress online, read the fine print about returns and delivery. | Synonymsbuypay for |
| 24 | 24exchangeVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo swap an item for a different one. | ExampleI exchanged the blue kettle for a red one without any trouble at all. | Synonymsswaptrade |
| 25 | 25compareVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo look at products to judge which is better. | ExampleSmart shoppers compare prices across three stores before buying anything genuinely expensive. | Synonymscontrastweigh |
| 26 | 26haggleVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo argue in order to agree on a lower price. | ExampleAt the flea market you can haggle, but the big chains never budge on price. | Synonymsbargainnegotiate |
| 27 | 27splurgeVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo spend freely on something special. | ExampleOnce the bonus arrived, we splurged on the espresso machine we had eyed for months. | Synonymsindulgespend big |
| 28 | 28overspendVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo spend more money than you planned. | ExampleIt is easy to overspend at the checkout when tempting little items line the queue. | Synonymsovershootspend too much |
| 29 | 29redeemVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo exchange a coupon or points for value. | ExampleYou can redeem your loyalty points for groceries before they quietly expire next month. | Synonymscash inuse |
| 30 | 30reimburseVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo pay someone back money they spent. | ExampleThe airline agreed to reimburse me for the coat their staff damaged in transit. | Synonymsrepaypay back |
| 31 | 31returnVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo take a bought item back to the store. | ExampleIf the shoes pinch, return them within thirty days with the original tags attached. | Synonymstake backsend back |
| 32 | 32barterVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo trade goods without using money. | ExampleNeighbours sometimes barter homegrown vegetables for eggs instead of driving to the store. | Synonymstradeswap |
| 33 | 33stockpileVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo store up a large supply of something. | ExampleMany shoppers stockpile canned goods and paper towels whenever the warehouse store runs a good sale. | Synonymshoardstock up |
| 34 | 34overpayVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo pay more than something is worth. | ExampleTourists often overpay for bottled water sold near the busiest downtown attractions. | Synonymsget overchargedpay too much |
| 35 | 35shop aroundPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo compare prices at several stores. | ExampleWhen buying appliances, shop around because prices can vary by hundreds of dollars. | Synonymscompare priceslook around |
| 36 | 36try onPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo put on clothing to check the fit. | ExampleAlways try on jeans before buying, since the sizes differ wildly between brands. | Synonymsfitsample |
| 37 | 37pick outPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo choose something from a group. | ExampleIt took an hour to pick out a birthday gift she would actually use. | Synonymschooseselect |
| 38 | 38overpricedAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionCosting more than it is really worth. | ExamplePopcorn at the cinema feels badly overpriced, so we sneak in our own snacks. | Synonymsexpensivesteep |
| 39 | 39defectiveAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionHaving a fault that stops it working properly. | ExampleA defective charger nearly started a fire, so the company recalled the whole batch. | Synonymsfaultyflawed |
| 40 | 40impulsiveAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionDone suddenly without careful thought. | ExampleAn impulsive purchase at the till often turns into clutter by the very weekend. | Synonymsrashspur-of-the-moment |
| 41 | 41priceyAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionExpensive; costing a lot of money. | ExampleImported berries look pricey until you taste how much sweeter they really are. | Synonymscostlyexpensive |
| 42 | 42flimsyAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionPoorly made and easily broken. | ExampleThe flimsy umbrella turned inside out during the first real gust of wind. | Synonymsfragilecheap |
| 43 | 43genuineAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionReal and authentic, not a copy. | ExampleAsk for proof that the watch is genuine before paying that much for it. | Synonymsauthenticreal |
| 44 | 44counterfeitAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionMade as a fake copy to deceive buyers. | ExampleCounterfeit handbags flood the market, fooling shoppers with almost perfect stitching and labels. | Synonymsfakeimitation |
| 45 | 45stylishAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionFashionable and pleasing in appearance. | ExampleA stylish winter coat need not be expensive if you wait patiently for the seasonal clearance. | Synonymsfashionablechic |
| 46 | 46assortedAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionMade up of several different kinds. | ExampleA box of assorted chocolates lets everyone at the table find a favourite. | Synonymsmixedvaried |
| 47 | 47premiumAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionOf higher quality and usually higher price. | ExamplePremium tires cost more upfront but last through several harsh Canadian winters. | Synonymstop-qualitysuperior |
| 48 | 48reasonableAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionFair and not too expensive. | ExampleTheir repair fee seemed reasonable, so I left the boots to be resoled. | Synonymsfairmoderate |
| 49 | 49wiselyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionIn a sensible, well-judged way. | ExampleSpending wisely means asking whether you will still want the item next month. | Synonymssensiblyprudently |
| 50 | 50cheaplyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionAt a low cost; without spending much. | ExampleYou can furnish a first apartment cheaply by checking thrift shops and community swap groups online. | Synonymsinexpensivelyaffordably |
Topic 15
Business & Economy50 words
Vocabulary for companies, markets, growth and economic news.
| # | Word | Part of speech | Definition | Example sentence | Synonyms |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1entrepreneurNoun | Noun | DefinitionA person who starts and runs a business. | ExampleA young entrepreneur turned her baking hobby into a shop with three full-time employees. | Synonymsbusiness ownerfounder |
| 2 | 2revenueNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe total money a business earns from sales. | ExampleRising fuel costs ate into the airline's revenue during a stubbornly slow winter. | Synonymsearningsincome |
| 3 | 3profitNoun | Noun | DefinitionMoney left after all costs are paid. | ExampleThe bakery finally made a profit once it started selling loaves to nearby cafés. | Synonymsgainearnings |
| 4 | 4startupNoun | Noun | DefinitionA newly formed, often small, company. | ExampleTheir tech startup grew from a garage project into a firm worth millions. | Synonymsnew ventureyoung company |
| 5 | 5demandNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe amount of a product people want to buy. | ExampleStrong demand for electric bikes left several dealers with empty showrooms by June. | Synonymsappetiteneed |
| 6 | 6supplyNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe amount of a product available to buy. | ExampleA shortage of computer chips cut the supply of new cars worldwide last year. | Synonymsstockavailability |
| 7 | 7contractNoun | Noun | DefinitionA formal written agreement between parties. | ExampleRead every clause carefully before signing a contract with a new supplier. | Synonymsagreementdeal |
| 8 | 8clientNoun | Noun | DefinitionA person or company that buys services. | ExampleOur biggest client renewed for another year after the redesign boosted their sales. | Synonymscustomeraccount |
| 9 | 9mergerNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe joining of two companies into one. | ExampleNews of the merger worried staff who feared their duplicate roles would disappear. | Synonymsamalgamationunion |
| 10 | 10strategyNoun | Noun | DefinitionA careful plan to reach a business goal. | ExampleA clear pricing strategy helped the small brewery compete with the national labels. | Synonymsplanapproach |
| 11 | 11recessionNoun | Noun | DefinitionA period when the economy shrinks. | ExampleDuring the recession, many families delayed buying homes and cut back on dining out. | Synonymsdownturnslump |
| 12 | 12enterpriseNoun | Noun | DefinitionA business or a bold new project. | ExampleRunning a family enterprise means the dinner table often doubles as a boardroom. | Synonymsbusinessventure |
| 13 | 13forecastNoun | Noun | DefinitionA prediction of future business conditions. | ExampleThe company's gloomy sales forecast pushed its share price down sharply overnight. | Synonymsprojectionprediction |
| 14 | 14stakeholderNoun | Noun | DefinitionAnyone affected by a company's decisions. | ExampleEvery stakeholder, from workers to suppliers, felt the pinch when the plant closed. | Synonymsinterested partyparticipant |
| 15 | 15shareholderNoun | Noun | DefinitionA person who owns part of a company. | ExampleAngry shareholders demanded answers after the firm's profits fell for a third year. | Synonymsinvestorpart-owner |
| 16 | 16commerceNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe buying and selling of goods on a large scale. | ExampleOnline commerce has reshaped how small towns support their tired main-street shops. | Synonymstradebusiness |
| 17 | 17industryNoun | Noun | DefinitionAll the companies in one field of business. | ExampleThe film industry brings thousands of seasonal jobs to Vancouver every single year. | Synonymssectortrade |
| 18 | 18assetNoun | Noun | DefinitionSomething valuable that a company owns. | ExampleA loyal team is an asset that rivals cannot simply copy or buy. | Synonymsresourceholding |
| 19 | 19capitalNoun | Noun | DefinitionMoney used to start or grow a business. | ExampleWithout enough capital, the founders could not afford to hire before the launch. | Synonymsfundsfinancing |
| 20 | 20turnoverNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe total sales a business makes in a period. | ExampleAnnual turnover doubled after the shop began shipping orders across the whole country. | Synonymssalesgross income |
| 21 | 21franchiseNoun | Noun | DefinitionA business licensed to use another's brand. | ExampleBuying a coffee franchise costs a fortune, but the familiar name draws customers instantly. | Synonymslicensed outletchain branch |
| 22 | 22rivalNoun | Noun | DefinitionA company competing for the same customers. | ExampleTwo grocery rivals opened stores on the same block within a single month. | Synonymscompetitoropponent |
| 23 | 23monopolyNoun | Noun | DefinitionTotal control of a market by one company. | ExampleRegulators broke up the phone monopoly to let cheaper providers enter the market. | Synonymssole controldominance |
| 24 | 24negotiateVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo discuss terms to reach an agreement. | ExampleOur manager negotiated a better rate by promising the supplier a much longer contract. | Synonymsbargainhammer out |
| 25 | 25expandVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo grow larger or reach new markets. | ExampleAfter a strong year, the chain plans to expand into three more provinces. | Synonymsgrowbroaden |
| 26 | 26launchVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo introduce a new product to the market. | ExampleThey launched the app on a Friday so early reviews could spread over the weekend. | Synonymsroll outunveil |
| 27 | 27thriveVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo grow strongly and do very well. | ExampleSmall bookstores can still thrive when they host events readers cannot find online. | Synonymsflourishprosper |
| 28 | 28outsourceVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo hire an outside company to do work. | ExampleTo cut costs, the firm outsourced its customer support to a call centre overseas. | Synonymscontract outsubcontract |
| 29 | 29diversifyVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo add different products or services. | ExampleFarmers who diversify into agritourism weather bad harvests far more easily than others. | Synonymsbroadenvary |
| 30 | 30downsizeVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo reduce a company's size or staff. | ExampleWhen orders dried up, the factory downsized rather than close its doors completely. | Synonymscut backlay off |
| 31 | 31distributeVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo share out or deliver goods to different places. | ExampleA single warehouse now helps the chain distribute its products to hundreds of stores nationwide. | Synonymshand outdeliver |
| 32 | 32specializeVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo focus on one particular product or skill. | ExampleThe workshop specializes in repairing vintage bicycles that big dealers refuse to touch. | Synonymsfocusconcentrate |
| 33 | 33streamlineVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo make a process simpler and more efficient. | ExampleNew software streamlined the invoicing that once took two clerks all afternoon. | Synonymssimplifyoptimize |
| 34 | 34restructureVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo organize a company in a new way. | ExampleLeadership restructured the departments so decisions no longer stalled at the very top. | Synonymsreorganizeoverhaul |
| 35 | 35generateVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo produce money, sales or interest. | ExampleOne viral video generated more orders than the shop could fill in weeks. | Synonymsproducebring in |
| 36 | 36take overPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo gain control of a company. | ExampleA larger rival took over the struggling airline and kept most of its routes. | Synonymsacquirebuy out |
| 37 | 37branch outPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo expand into a new area of business. | ExampleAfter years selling coffee, they branched out into baking and quickly outgrew the kitchen. | Synonymsmove intospread out |
| 38 | 38corporateAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionRelating to large companies or business. | ExampleEndless corporate meetings left her little time for the creative work she loved. | Synonymsbusinesscommercial |
| 39 | 39lucrativeAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionProducing a lot of money or profit. | ExampleSnow removal proved surprisingly lucrative for a student with one used pickup truck. | Synonymsprofitablewell-paid |
| 40 | 40competitiveAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionAble to compete well on price or quality. | ExampleTo stay competitive, the mill lowered prices and shortened its delivery times. | Synonymsrivalrousaggressive |
| 41 | 41economicAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionRelating to the economy or finances. | ExampleRising interest rates create economic uncertainty that makes owners delay big purchases. | Synonymsfiscalmonetary |
| 42 | 42fiscalAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionRelating to government money and taxes. | ExampleRising interest payments strained the town's fiscal plan, forcing council to delay several road repairs. | Synonymsbudgetarymonetary |
| 43 | 43boomingAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionGrowing very quickly and successfully. | ExampleA booming housing market kept local contractors busy well into the late autumn. | Synonymsthrivingflourishing |
| 44 | 44volatileAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionLikely to change suddenly and unpredictably. | ExampleFuel prices are so volatile that trucking firms struggle to quote steady rates. | Synonymsunstableunpredictable |
| 45 | 45multinationalAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionOperating in many different countries. | ExampleA multinational retailer can absorb a bad quarter that would sink a local shop. | Synonymsglobalinternational |
| 46 | 46sluggishAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionSlow-moving, with little growth or energy. | ExampleSluggish sales after the holidays forced the boutique to trim its opening hours. | Synonymsslowweak |
| 47 | 47steadyAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionStable and continuing at a constant rate. | ExampleSteady demand for repairs kept the garage profitable even during the hardest times. | Synonymsstableconsistent |
| 48 | 48ambitiousAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionShowing a strong desire to succeed or grow. | ExampleAn ambitious plan to open ten branches in two years alarmed the cautious investors. | Synonymsboldaspiring |
| 49 | 49rapidlyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionVery quickly, in a short time. | ExampleWithin months, the delivery app grew rapidly, adding a hundred restaurants across the region. | Synonymsquicklyswiftly |
| 50 | 50aggressivelyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionIn a forceful, determined way. | ExampleBacked by fresh capital, the chain expanded aggressively to dominate the entire region. | Synonymsforcefullyboldly |
Topic 16
Crime & Safety50 words
Words for reporting problems, staying safe and community security.
| # | Word | Part of speech | Definition | Example sentence | Synonyms |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1theftNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe act of stealing someone's money or property. | ExampleAfter the theft of two bicycles from our building, the manager installed brighter lights in the garage. | Synonymsstealingrobbery |
| 2 | 2burglaryNoun | Noun | DefinitionBreaking into a building in order to steal things. | ExamplePolice reported a string of burglaries nearby, so residents began locking their back gates at night. | Synonymsbreak-inhousebreaking |
| 3 | 3vandalismNoun | Noun | DefinitionDeliberately damaging property that belongs to other people. | ExampleGraffiti and broken benches at the park were signs of vandalism that upset many local families. | Synonymsdefacementdestruction |
| 4 | 4fraudNoun | Noun | DefinitionTricking people dishonestly to get their money. | ExampleBanks warned customers about credit-card fraud after several seniors lost savings to fake callers. | Synonymsdeceptionswindle |
| 5 | 5scamNoun | Noun | DefinitionA dishonest scheme meant to cheat people. | ExampleMy aunt nearly fell for an email scam promising a large refund from the tax office. | Synonymsconhoaxtrick |
| 6 | 6culpritNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe person responsible for a crime or wrongdoing. | ExampleSecurity footage from the corner store helped officers identify the culprit within a single afternoon. | Synonymsoffenderwrongdoerperpetrator |
| 7 | 7witnessNoun | Noun | DefinitionSomeone who sees a crime or event happen. | ExampleBecause she was a witness to the collision, Maria stayed to give her statement to the police. | Synonymsobserverbystanderonlooker |
| 8 | 8penaltyNoun | Noun | DefinitionA punishment given for breaking a rule or law. | ExampleDrivers who ignore school-zone limits face a steep penalty and possible loss of their licence. | Synonymspunishmentsanction |
| 9 | 9fineNoun | Noun | DefinitionMoney paid as a punishment for breaking a rule. | ExampleOur neighbour received a fine for leaving his car parked across the sidewalk overnight. | Synonymsticketlevy |
| 10 | 10precautionNoun | Noun | DefinitionAn action taken in advance to prevent harm. | ExampleAs a precaution, the community centre asked volunteers to walk students to the bus after evening classes. | Synonymssafety measureprotection |
| 11 | 11emergencyNoun | Noun | DefinitionA sudden dangerous situation that needs quick action. | ExampleWhen the kitchen fire spread, my roommate called 911 and reported the emergency calmly. | Synonymscrisisurgent situation |
| 12 | 12alarmNoun | Noun | DefinitionA device that warns people of danger. | ExampleOur landlord tests the smoke alarm on every floor before new tenants move in. | Synonymssirenwarning device |
| 13 | 13victimNoun | Noun | DefinitionA person harmed by a crime or accident. | ExampleSupport workers at the clinic help each victim of theft recover both money and confidence. | Synonymscasualtysufferer |
| 14 | 14offenceNoun | Noun | DefinitionAn act that breaks the law. | ExampleShoplifting may seem minor, but it is still a criminal offence with lasting records. | Synonymscrimeviolation |
| 15 | 15surveillanceNoun | Noun | DefinitionClose watching of a person or place for security. | ExampleCameras providing surveillance across the parkade discouraged thieves from targeting parked vehicles. | Synonymsmonitoringobservation |
| 16 | 16curfewNoun | Noun | DefinitionA rule requiring people to be indoors by a set time. | ExampleDuring the festival, organizers set a curfew so younger teens returned home before midnight. | Synonymstime limitrestriction |
| 17 | 17hazardNoun | Noun | DefinitionSomething that could cause danger or harm. | ExampleIcy steps outside the library became a hazard, so staff spread salt every morning. | Synonymsdangerperil |
| 18 | 18intruderNoun | Noun | DefinitionA person who enters a place without permission. | ExampleA motion light startled an intruder who had climbed over the fence into our backyard. | Synonymsprowlerunwanted visitor |
| 19 | 19investigateVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo examine something carefully to find the truth. | ExampleOfficers arrived quickly to investigate the break-in reported at the pharmacy on Main Street. | Synonymsexamineprobe |
| 20 | 20enforceVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo make sure a rule or law is obeyed. | ExampleCity officers enforce parking rules more strictly near the hospital during busy visiting hours. | Synonymsimposeuphold |
| 21 | 21trespassVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo enter someone's property without permission. | ExampleSigns warned hikers not to trespass on the farmland beyond the marked trail. | Synonymsintrudeencroach |
| 22 | 22prosecuteVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo take legal action against someone in court. | ExampleThe store owner decided to prosecute the man who had repeatedly stolen from his shelves. | Synonymschargeindict |
| 23 | 23shopliftVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo steal goods from a shop while pretending to buy. | ExampleTwo teenagers tried to shoplift headphones, but an alert cashier noticed and called the manager. | Synonymsstealpilfer |
| 24 | 24deterVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo discourage someone from doing something wrong. | ExampleBright porch lights and a barking dog can deter thieves from approaching a quiet home. | Synonymsdiscouragedissuade |
| 25 | 25apprehendVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo catch and arrest someone suspected of a crime. | ExampleTransit officers managed to apprehend the pickpocket before he could leave the crowded platform. | Synonymsarrestcapture |
| 26 | 26detainVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo hold someone officially, keeping them from leaving. | ExampleGuards may detain a suspect briefly until the police arrive to take a statement. | Synonymsholdconfine |
| 27 | 27safeguardVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo protect something from harm or loss. | ExampleTo safeguard their savings, my parents never share banking passwords over the phone. | Synonymsprotectshield |
| 28 | 28warnVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo tell someone about a possible danger ahead. | ExampleNeighbours used the group chat to warn each other about a suspicious van circling the block. | Synonymsalertcaution |
| 29 | 29fleeVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo run away quickly from danger or trouble. | ExampleThe shoplifter tried to flee through the loading dock, but the exit was already locked. | Synonymsescaperun off |
| 30 | 30confrontVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo face someone boldly about a problem. | ExampleStaff are trained never to confront an armed robber and to hand over cash calmly. | Synonymsfacestand up to |
| 31 | 31patrolVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo move around an area to keep it safe. | ExampleSecurity guards patrol the mall every hour after the food court closes for the night. | Synonymsguardpolice |
| 32 | 32reportVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo formally tell authorities about a crime or problem. | ExampleIf you report vandalism promptly, the city can clean the graffiti before it spreads. | Synonymsnotifyinform |
| 33 | 33secureAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionSafe and well protected against danger. | ExampleTenants feel more secure now that the lobby door locks automatically after nine each evening. | Synonymssafeprotected |
| 34 | 34suspiciousAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionMaking you think something is wrong or dishonest. | ExampleA suspicious package left near the entrance prompted staff to clear the lobby immediately. | Synonymsquestionabledubious |
| 35 | 35vulnerableAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionEasily harmed or open to attack. | ExampleGround-floor apartments can feel vulnerable, so many renters add extra locks to their windows. | Synonymsexposedunprotected |
| 36 | 36unlawfulAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionNot allowed by the law. | ExampleParking in a fire lane is unlawful and can block trucks during a real emergency. | Synonymsprohibitedillegitimate |
| 37 | 37cautiousAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionCareful to avoid danger or mistakes. | ExampleBeing cautious with strangers online helped my daughter avoid a job scam last spring. | Synonymscarefulguarded |
| 38 | 38riskyAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionLikely to cause danger or loss. | ExampleWalking home alone through the unlit alley felt risky, so we took the busier route. | Synonymsunsafechancy |
| 39 | 39pettyAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionSmall and minor, not very serious. | ExampleOfficers spend hours on petty complaints like noise and littering rather than major neighbourhood crimes. | Synonymsminortrivial |
| 40 | 40armedAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionCarrying a weapon such as a gun or knife. | ExampleThe bank posted guidance for staff on how to react if an armed person enters. | Synonymsweaponizedgun-wielding |
| 41 | 41dangerousAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionAble to cause harm or injury. | ExampleThat intersection is dangerous after dark, so the council approved a new pedestrian signal. | Synonymsunsafeperilous |
| 42 | 42illegalAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionAgainst the law; not permitted. | ExampleSelling fireworks without a permit is illegal in most Canadian cities and towns. | Synonymsbannedoutlawed |
| 43 | 43waryAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionCautious because of possible danger or trouble. | ExampleShoppers grew wary of the fake charity table set up outside the grocery store. | Synonymsdistrustfulwatchful |
| 44 | 44violentAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionUsing physical force meant to hurt someone. | ExampleStaff reported a violent argument in the parking lot, and officers arrived within minutes. | Synonymsaggressivebrutal |
| 45 | 45deliberatelyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionDone on purpose, not by accident. | ExampleInvestigators believe the fire was set deliberately, since two doors had been forced open. | Synonymsintentionallypurposely |
| 46 | 46allegedlyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionAccording to a claim that is not yet proven. | ExampleThe man allegedly used a stolen card at three shops before staff grew suspicious. | Synonymsreportedlysupposedly |
| 47 | 47safelyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionIn a way that avoids danger or harm. | ExampleStore staff were trained to hand over cash safely and let insurance cover the loss. | Synonymssecurelywithout harm |
| 48 | 48break inPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo enter a building illegally, usually by force. | ExampleThieves tried to break in through the basement window while the family was away camping. | Synonymsburgleforce entry |
| 49 | 49look outPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo stay alert and watch for danger. | ExampleOur neighbourhood group agreed to look out for each other's homes during the long weekend. | Synonymswatch outbe alert |
| 50 | 50lock upPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo secure a place by locking all its doors. | ExampleBefore leaving the shop, remember to lock up the storeroom and set the alarm. | Synonymsfastenbolt |
Topic 17
Media & Entertainment50 words
Vocabulary for news, streaming, events and popular culture.
| # | Word | Part of speech | Definition | Example sentence | Synonyms |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1audienceNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe group of people watching or listening to a show. | ExampleAfter the final song, the audience stood and clapped for nearly five minutes. | Synonymsviewersspectatorscrowd |
| 2 | 2broadcastVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo send out a program on television or radio. | ExampleOur local station will broadcast the Canada Day parade live from the waterfront on Saturday morning. | Synonymsairtransmit |
| 3 | 3celebrityNoun | Noun | DefinitionA famous person who gets a lot of public attention. | ExampleWhen a celebrity visited our farmers' market, hundreds of fans lined the street for photos. | Synonymsstaricon |
| 4 | 4subscriptionNoun | Noun | DefinitionAn amount you pay regularly to use a service. | ExampleWe cancelled one streaming subscription because nobody in the family had watched it for months. | Synonymsmembershipplan |
| 5 | 5headlineNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe title printed in large letters above a news story. | ExampleThis morning's headline about the housing market started a long discussion in our lunchroom. | Synonymstitleheader |
| 6 | 6journalistNoun | Noun | DefinitionA person who reports news for papers, websites or television. | ExampleA journalist from the community paper interviewed my neighbour about the new library branch. | Synonymsreportercorrespondent |
| 7 | 7coverageNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe reporting a story or event receives in the media. | ExampleLocal election coverage was so thorough that even my teenage son followed the results. | Synonymsreportingpublicity |
| 8 | 8publishVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo print or release writing so the public can read it. | ExampleThe community centre plans to publish its fall program guide online next week. | Synonymsreleaseprintissue |
| 9 | 9reviewVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo give your opinion about a show, book or product. | ExampleMy cousin reviews restaurants on her blog, so she takes photos of every dish. | Synonymscritiqueevaluateassess |
| 10 | 10performanceNoun | Noun | DefinitionAn act of singing, dancing or acting done for others. | ExampleAlthough the tickets were cheap, the performance at the community theatre felt completely professional. | Synonymsshowactpresentation |
| 11 | 11exhibitionNoun | Noun | DefinitionA public display of art or interesting objects. | ExampleIf you enjoy photography, the new exhibition at the city gallery is worth a visit. | Synonymsdisplayshowcase |
| 12 | 12venueNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe place where an event or concert is held. | ExampleBecause the first venue flooded, organizers moved the concert to a school gym nearby. | Synonymslocationsitesetting |
| 13 | 13documentaryNoun | Noun | DefinitionA film that presents facts about real events or people. | ExampleLast night we watched a documentary about Arctic wildlife instead of our usual comedy. | Synonymsfactual filmnonfiction program |
| 14 | 14episodeNoun | Noun | DefinitionOne complete part of a television or podcast series. | ExampleMy husband refuses to start the next episode until I finish washing the dishes. | Synonymsinstalmentpartchapter |
| 15 | 15commercialNoun | Noun | DefinitionA short advertisement shown on television or radio. | ExampleDuring the playoffs, one commercial repeated so often that my kids memorized every word. | Synonymsadadvertisementpromo |
| 16 | 16rerunNoun | Noun | DefinitionA repeat showing of a television program. | ExampleOn rainy Sundays, my father happily watches reruns of shows from the nineties. | Synonymsrepeatreplay |
| 17 | 17spoilerNoun | Noun | DefinitionInformation that reveals how a story or game ends. | ExamplePlease avoid spoilers at work tomorrow, because half the team has not seen the finale. | Synonymsgiveawayplot reveal |
| 18 | 18premiereNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe first public showing of a film or show. | ExampleFans waited outside the theatre for hours before the premiere of the new superhero movie. | Synonymsdebutopening night |
| 19 | 19soundtrackNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe recorded music that accompanies a film or show. | ExampleI added the soundtrack from that drama to my running playlist last week. | Synonymsscorefilm music |
| 20 | 20sequelNoun | Noun | DefinitionA film or book that continues an earlier story. | ExampleCritics disliked the sequel, but my daughter thought it was better than the original. | Synonymsfollow-upcontinuation |
| 21 | 21genreNoun | Noun | DefinitionA category of art, music or film with shared features. | ExampleOur book club picks a different genre each month to keep meetings interesting. | Synonymscategorystyletype |
| 22 | 22blockbusterNoun | Noun | DefinitionA hugely popular film that earns a lot of money. | ExampleEvery summer blockbuster fills the biggest screens at our local theatre for weeks. | Synonymshitsmashbox-office success |
| 23 | 23podcastNoun | Noun | DefinitionAn audio program you listen to online whenever you like. | ExampleOn my morning bus ride, I listen to a podcast about Canadian history. | Synonymsaudio showaudio series |
| 24 | 24censorshipNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe removal of content considered harmful or offensive. | ExampleOur media studies class debated whether censorship of violent games actually protects children. | Synonymsbanningsuppression |
| 25 | 25streamVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo watch or listen to something directly over the internet. | ExampleSince we started streaming movies at home, we rarely drive to the cinema anymore. | Synonymswatch onlineplay online |
| 26 | 26binge-watchVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo watch many episodes of a series in one sitting. | ExampleDuring the snowstorm, my roommates binge-watched an entire detective series in two days. | Synonymsmarathonwatch nonstop |
| 27 | 27applaudVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo clap your hands to show enjoyment or approval. | ExampleParents applauded loudly when the school choir finished its final song of the evening. | Synonymsclapcheer |
| 28 | 28entertainVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo hold people's attention in an enjoyable way. | ExampleA street magician entertained the crowd outside the market while we waited for our bus. | Synonymsamusedelight |
| 29 | 29captivateVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo hold someone's complete attention with charm or interest. | ExampleThe puppet show captivated even the adults, who stayed until the very end. | Synonymsfascinateenchantmesmerize |
| 30 | 30releaseVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo make a film, album or product available to the public. | ExampleNext month the band will release an album recorded in their Halifax garage. | Synonymslaunchput out |
| 31 | 31advertiseVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo promote a product or event so people notice it. | ExampleOur gym advertises free trial classes on local radio throughout January every year. | Synonymspromotepublicizemarket |
| 32 | 32hostVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo present a show or organize an event for guests. | ExampleA well-known comedian will host this year's charity concert at the arena. | Synonymspresentemcee |
| 33 | 33exaggerateVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo make something seem bigger or worse than it really is. | ExampleSome news channels exaggerate small storms until viewers expect a complete disaster. | Synonymsoverstateinflate |
| 34 | 34tune inPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo watch or listen to a particular program. | ExampleThousands of listeners tune in every morning to hear the traffic and weather report. | Synonymswatchlisten in |
| 35 | 35commentaryNoun | Noun | DefinitionSpoken or written remarks that explain an event as it happens. | ExampleThe live commentary made the hockey final easy to follow, even for my visiting cousins. | Synonymsget currentget up to date |
| 36 | 36sell outPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo have every ticket or item bought so none remain. | ExampleTickets for the comedy night sold out within an hour of going online. | Synonymsrun outbe fully booked |
| 37 | 37trendingAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionBeing widely discussed or shared online right now. | ExampleBy lunchtime, the mayor's speech was trending across every social media platform in the city. | Synonymspopularbuzzing |
| 38 | 38viralAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionSpreading extremely quickly from person to person online. | ExampleHer video of the raccoon opening a garbage bin went viral within hours. | Synonymswildly popularwidespread |
| 39 | 39suspensefulAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionKeeping you excited or nervous about what happens next. | ExampleThe finale was so suspenseful that nobody touched the snacks during the last twenty minutes. | Synonymstensethrillingnail-biting |
| 40 | 40biasedAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionUnfairly favouring one side, person or opinion. | ExampleMany readers complained that the article was biased against cyclists and ignored drivers' mistakes. | Synonymsone-sidedunfairpartial |
| 41 | 41credibleAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionAble to be believed and trusted. | ExampleBefore sharing news online, I check whether it comes from a credible source. | Synonymsbelievabletrustworthyreliable |
| 42 | 42misleadingAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionGiving a wrong idea or impression on purpose or by accident. | ExampleThat misleading headline suggested the pool would close, when only its sauna needs repairs. | Synonymsdeceptiveconfusing |
| 43 | 43exclusiveAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionAvailable to only one person, group or media outlet. | ExampleOne network secured an exclusive interview with the astronaut before her mission next spring. | Synonymssoleprivaterestricted |
| 44 | 44mainstreamAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionAccepted or followed by most ordinary people. | ExamplePodcasting felt experimental ten years ago, but now it is completely mainstream entertainment. | Synonymsconventionalwidely accepted |
| 45 | 45animatedAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionMade using drawings or computer images that appear to move. | ExampleWe chose an animated film for movie night so the whole family could enjoy it. | Synonymscartoon-styledrawn |
| 46 | 46overratedAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionConsidered better than it truly deserves to be. | ExampleHonestly, I found the award-winning series overrated after all the praise from my coworkers. | Synonymsoverhypedoverpraised |
| 47 | 47grippingAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionSo exciting that it holds your full attention. | ExampleThat podcast about a missing ship was so gripping that I missed my bus stop. | Synonymsrivetingcompelling |
| 48 | 48sensationalAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionPresented in a shocking way to attract attention. | ExampleSensational reports about the escaped snake turned a small story into city-wide panic. | Synonymsshockingdramatic |
| 49 | 49widelyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionBy or among many people; to a large extent. | ExampleResults of the housing survey were widely reported before council met on Tuesday. | Synonymsbroadlyextensively |
| 50 | 50publiclyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionIn a way that is open for everyone to see or know. | ExampleAfter the mix-up, the station publicly apologized to viewers during the evening news. | Synonymsopenlyin public |
Topic 18
Lifestyle & Daily Life50 words
Words for routines, habits, errands and work-life balance.
| # | Word | Part of speech | Definition | Example sentence | Synonyms |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1routineNoun | Noun | DefinitionA fixed series of things you do regularly. | ExampleMy morning routine includes stretching, a quick shower, and coffee before the kids wake up. | Synonymsregimenpattern |
| 2 | 2errandNoun | Noun | DefinitionA short trip to do a small, useful task. | ExampleOn Saturdays I run one errand at a time so the whole day never feels rushed. | Synonymstasksmall job |
| 3 | 3choreNoun | Noun | DefinitionA regular, often boring household task. | ExampleWashing dishes is the one chore my roommate and I always argue about. | Synonymsdutyhousework |
| 4 | 4leisureNoun | Noun | DefinitionFree time used for rest and enjoyment. | ExampleAfter a hectic week, I spend my leisure reading quietly by the window. | Synonymsfree timerecreation |
| 5 | 5hobbyNoun | Noun | DefinitionAn activity you enjoy doing in your spare time. | ExamplePhotography became my main hobby after I moved to a neighbourhood full of murals. | Synonymsinterestpursuit |
| 6 | 6habitNoun | Noun | DefinitionSomething you do often without thinking about it. | ExampleChecking my phone first thing became a habit I am slowly trying to break. | Synonymscustompractice |
| 7 | 7pastimeNoun | Noun | DefinitionAn activity done regularly for enjoyment. | ExampleBaking bread on Sundays is a relaxing pastime my whole family looks forward to. | Synonymsdiversionamusement |
| 8 | 8well-beingNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe state of being healthy, happy and comfortable. | ExampleGetting outside every day does wonders for my well-being during the long winter months. | Synonymswellnesscontentment |
| 9 | 9balanceNoun | Noun | DefinitionA healthy mix between work and personal life. | ExampleLeaving my laptop at the office helped me find a better balance between work and home. | Synonymsequilibriumharmony |
| 10 | 10downtimeNoun | Noun | DefinitionTime spent relaxing rather than working. | ExampleEven a little downtime after supper helps me feel ready for the next day. | Synonymsrestbreak |
| 11 | 11lifestyleNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe general way a person lives day to day. | ExampleMoving downtown gave us a busier lifestyle, with less driving and more walking everywhere. | Synonymsway of lifeliving pattern |
| 12 | 12napNoun | Noun | DefinitionA short sleep, usually taken during the day. | ExampleA quick twenty-minute nap after lunch keeps me alert right through my afternoon meetings. | Synonymssnoozecatnap |
| 13 | 13wardrobeNoun | Noun | DefinitionAll the clothes that a person owns. | ExampleBefore winter, I sort my wardrobe and give away anything I no longer wear. | Synonymsclothingcloset |
| 14 | 14ritualNoun | Noun | DefinitionA regular action done in a set, familiar way. | ExampleOur bedtime ritual with the toddler includes a warm bath and two short stories. | Synonymscustomobservance |
| 15 | 15upkeepNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe regular care needed to keep something in good shape. | ExampleBasic upkeep of my bike, like oiling the chain, saves money on repairs later. | Synonymsmaintenancecare |
| 16 | 16moderationNoun | Noun | DefinitionDoing something within sensible, healthy limits. | ExampleMy doctor said sweets are fine in moderation, as long as I stay active. | Synonymsrestraintself-control |
| 17 | 17solitudeNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe peaceful state of being alone. | ExampleA quiet hour of solitude each morning helps me plan the day calmly. | Synonymsseclusionprivacy |
| 18 | 18socializeVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo spend friendly time with other people. | ExampleSince retiring, my father loves to socialize at the community centre every Tuesday. | Synonymsminglemix |
| 19 | 19unwindVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo relax after a period of work or stress. | ExampleAfter my shift, I unwind by walking the dog around the block twice. | Synonymsde-stressloosen up |
| 20 | 20juggleVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo manage several tasks or duties at once. | ExampleMany parents juggle jobs, childcare, and errands without ever seeming to slow down. | Synonymsmanagehandle |
| 21 | 21refreshVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo make someone feel less tired and more lively. | ExampleA cold glass of water and some fresh air can refresh you during a dull afternoon. | Synonymsrevivereinvigorate |
| 22 | 22procrastinateVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo delay doing something you should do now. | ExampleWhenever I procrastinate on laundry, the basket somehow doubles in size by Friday. | Synonymsdelayput off |
| 23 | 23declutterVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo remove things you no longer need from a space. | ExampleEvery spring we declutter the garage and drop unused tools at the donation depot. | Synonymsclear outstreamline |
| 24 | 24rearrangeVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo change how things are organized or placed. | ExampleOn slow weekends I rearrange the living room just to make the space feel new. | Synonymsreorganizereorder |
| 25 | 25relaxVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo rest and let go of tension or worry. | ExampleMy grandmother likes to relax on the porch with tea once the dishes are done. | Synonymsrestcalm down |
| 26 | 26rejuvenateVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo make someone feel young, fresh and full of energy. | ExampleA weekend at the lake never fails to rejuvenate me before a busy month. | Synonymsrenewrestore |
| 27 | 27simplifyVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo make something easier or less complicated. | ExampleMeal-planning on Sundays helps simplify our hectic weekday evenings a great deal. | Synonymsstreamlineease |
| 28 | 28rechargeVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo rest and get your energy back. | ExampleA quiet weekend at the cottage lets me recharge before another hectic stretch at work. | Synonymsrevitalizerefuel |
| 29 | 29jogVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo run at a slow, steady pace for exercise. | ExampleBefore breakfast I jog along the river path while the neighbourhood is still quiet. | Synonymsruntrot |
| 30 | 30meditateVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo sit quietly and calm the mind for a while. | ExampleLearning to meditate for ten minutes daily has helped me sleep far better. | Synonymsreflectcontemplate |
| 31 | 31postponeVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo move an event or task to a later time. | ExampleWe had to postpone game night because half the group was feeling under the weather. | Synonymsdelayreschedule |
| 32 | 32punctualAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionArriving or happening exactly on time. | ExampleBeing punctual for appointments shows respect for the other people waiting on their busy days. | Synonymsprompton time |
| 33 | 33hecticAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionVery busy and full of fast activity. | ExampleMornings feel hectic when both kids need lunches packed and buses arrive early. | Synonymsfranticchaotic |
| 34 | 34spontaneousAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionDone suddenly, without planning ahead. | ExampleA spontaneous trip to the farmers' market turned into the best part of our weekend. | Synonymsimpulsiveunplanned |
| 35 | 35tidyAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionNeat, with everything in its proper place. | ExampleKeeping the entryway tidy makes the whole apartment feel calmer and larger. | Synonymsneatorderly |
| 36 | 36mundaneAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionOrdinary and dull, lacking excitement. | ExampleEven mundane chores feel lighter when I play a podcast while doing them. | Synonymsdullhumdrum |
| 37 | 37sedentaryAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionInvolving much sitting and little exercise. | ExampleOffice work can be sedentary, so I stretch and take short walks each hour. | Synonymsinactivedesk-bound |
| 38 | 38restfulAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionCalm and helping you to relax. | ExampleA restful evening without screens leaves me far readier for Monday morning. | Synonymspeacefulsoothing |
| 39 | 39activeAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionBusy doing physical things and moving often. | ExampleStaying active through winter, I joined a badminton group at the local gym. | Synonymsdynamicsprightly |
| 40 | 40carefreeAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionFree from worry and responsibility. | ExampleSummer evenings feel carefree once the school year's busy schedules finally pause. | Synonymsrelaxeduntroubled |
| 41 | 41tediousAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionBoring because it takes a long time. | ExampleSorting a year of receipts is tedious, but it makes tax season much smoother. | Synonymstiresomemonotonous |
| 42 | 42energeticAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionHaving lots of energy and enthusiasm. | ExampleMy cousin stays energetic all day, juggling volunteer shifts and evening dance classes. | Synonymsvigorousspirited |
| 43 | 43laid-backAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionRelaxed and not easily worried. | ExampleOur new neighbours have a laid-back style, often chatting on the porch after dinner. | Synonymseasygoingmellow |
| 44 | 44occasionallyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionNow and then, but not often. | ExampleWe occasionally skip our routine and order takeout when everyone is too tired to cook. | Synonymssometimesnow and then |
| 45 | 45regularlyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionHappening at repeated, even intervals. | ExampleWatering the plants regularly is the one habit I never seem to forget. | Synonymsfrequentlysteadily |
| 46 | 46consistentlyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionIn a steady way that does not change much. | ExampleGoing to bed at the same hour consistently improved how rested I feel. | Synonymsreliablydependably |
| 47 | 47wind downPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo gradually relax at the end of a busy day. | ExampleI wind down at night by dimming the lights and setting my phone aside. | Synonymssettle downdecompress |
| 48 | 48drop byPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo visit someone briefly without much planning. | ExampleFeel free to drop by after work; we usually eat around six on Fridays. | Synonymsvisitpop in |
| 49 | 49sleep inPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo sleep later than usual in the morning. | ExampleOn statutory holidays I let myself sleep in and skip the alarm entirely. | Synonymslie insleep late |
| 50 | 50hang outPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo spend relaxed time with friends. | ExampleMy teenager likes to hang out with friends at the library after classes end. | Synonymsspend timeget together |
Topic 19
Cities & Urban Life50 words
Vocabulary for downtown living, development and shared city spaces.
| # | Word | Part of speech | Definition | Example sentence | Synonyms |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1downtownNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe central business area of a city. | ExampleEvery Friday, downtown fills with office workers heading to restaurants along the waterfront. | Synonymscity centrecore |
| 2 | 2densityNoun | Noun | DefinitionHow closely people or buildings are packed into an area. | ExampleHigher density near the station means more shops within a short walk of home. | Synonymsconcentrationcrowding |
| 3 | 3infrastructureNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe basic systems a city needs, like roads and pipes. | ExampleAging infrastructure forced the city to replace water mains under several older streets. | Synonymspublic worksframework |
| 4 | 4developmentNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe building of new homes, offices or facilities. | ExampleA large housing development is planned for the empty lot beside the transit hub. | Synonymsbuilding projectgrowth |
| 5 | 5zoningNoun | Noun | DefinitionRules that decide what can be built in each area. | ExampleNew zoning now allows small cafés on the ground floor of apartment towers. | Synonymsland-use rulesplanning code |
| 6 | 6high-riseNoun | Noun | DefinitionA very tall building with many floors. | ExampleFrom our balcony in the high-rise, we can see the whole harbour at sunset. | Synonymstowerskyscraper |
| 7 | 7amenityNoun | Noun | DefinitionA useful or pleasant feature that adds comfort. | ExampleThe new complex offers amenities like a gym, a rooftop garden, and bike storage. | Synonymsfacilityfeature |
| 8 | 8expansionNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe process of growing larger in size or area. | ExampleRapid expansion of the suburbs has pushed new schools far beyond the old city limits. | Synonymsenlargementspread |
| 9 | 9constructionNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe work of building roads, homes or other structures. | ExampleConstruction near the bridge slowed traffic for months but finally added two new lanes. | Synonymsbuilding workassembly |
| 10 | 10skylineNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe outline of city buildings against the sky. | ExampleTourists gather at the pier each evening to photograph the glowing skyline. | Synonymscityscapehorizon |
| 11 | 11landmarkNoun | Noun | DefinitionA well-known building or place people easily recognize. | ExampleAn old clock tower remains a landmark that visitors use to find their way. | Synonymsmonumentsight |
| 12 | 12greeneryNoun | Noun | DefinitionTrees, grass and plants in an area. | ExamplePlanners added greenery along the avenue to soften the look of concrete and glass. | Synonymsvegetationplants |
| 13 | 13sidewalkNoun | Noun | DefinitionA paved path beside a road for people walking. | ExampleWidening the sidewalk let local cafés add patio seating without blocking busy pedestrians. | Synonymsfootpathwalkway |
| 14 | 14plazaNoun | Noun | DefinitionAn open public square in a town or city. | ExampleOn summer nights, the plaza outside city hall hosts free concerts for families. | Synonymssquarecourtyard |
| 15 | 15districtNoun | Noun | DefinitionA part of a city known for a particular use or character. | ExampleOnce a warehouse district, this area has turned into a lively cluster of studios. | Synonymsquarterzone |
| 16 | 16rooftopNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe flat top of a building, often used as space. | ExampleSeveral buildings now grow vegetables on the rooftop to cool the floors below. | Synonymsroof deckterrace |
| 17 | 17boulevardNoun | Noun | DefinitionA wide city street, often lined with trees. | ExampleA shaded boulevard runs from the museum straight down to the riverside park. | Synonymsavenuethoroughfare |
| 18 | 18hubNoun | Noun | DefinitionA central place where much activity happens. | ExampleOnce renovated, the station became a busy hub linking buses, trains, and bike lanes. | Synonymscentrefocal point |
| 19 | 19gentrificationNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe change of a poorer area into a wealthier one. | ExampleGentrification brought new shops to the block but raised rents for longtime residents. | Synonymsupscalingrenewal |
| 20 | 20outskirtsNoun | Noun | DefinitionThe outer parts of a town, far from the centre. | ExampleHousing on the outskirts costs less, though the commute downtown takes far longer. | Synonymsedgesfringes |
| 21 | 21revitalizeVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo bring new life and energy to a place. | ExampleThe council hopes to revitalize the old market square with lighting and weekend stalls. | Synonymsrenewregenerate |
| 22 | 22modernizeVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo update something to a newer, current style. | ExampleCrews will modernize the library with better lighting, wider aisles, and study pods. | Synonymsupdaterefurbish |
| 23 | 23demolishVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo knock down a building completely. | ExampleWorkers will demolish the vacant factory to make room for a public park. | Synonymstear downraze |
| 24 | 24sprawlVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo spread outward over a large, uneven area. | ExampleAs the city grows, new subdivisions sprawl across fields that were once farmland. | Synonymsspreadexpand |
| 25 | 25beautifyVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo make a place look more attractive. | ExampleVolunteers gathered on Saturday to beautify the dim underpass with a bright community mural. | Synonymsadornspruce up |
| 26 | 26flourishVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo grow well and become successful. | ExampleSmall businesses flourish along the avenue now that foot traffic has returned. | Synonymsthriveprosper |
| 27 | 27populateVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo fill an area with people who live there. | ExampleYoung families quickly populate the new towers as soon as the transit line reaches the district. | Synonymsfillsettle |
| 28 | 28overlookVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo have a view over something from above. | ExampleOur apartment windows overlook a small courtyard that is full of tall maple trees. | Synonymsfacelook onto |
| 29 | 29paveVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo cover a road or path with a hard surface. | ExampleCity crews will pave the gravel lane so cyclists can finally use it safely. | Synonymssurfacetarmac |
| 30 | 30erectVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo build or put up a structure. | ExampleDevelopers plan to erect two condo towers where the old parkade once stood. | Synonymsbuildput up |
| 31 | 31spanVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo stretch across from one side to another. | ExampleA new pedestrian bridge will span the river, linking both riverside neighbourhoods. | Synonymscrossbridge |
| 32 | 32widenVerb | Verb | DefinitionTo make something broader or wider. | ExamplePlans to widen the main road should ease the daily crush near the arena. | Synonymsbroadenenlarge |
| 33 | 33urbanAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionRelating to a city or town. | ExampleUrban gardens on empty lots give apartment dwellers a place to grow food. | Synonymscitybuilt-up |
| 34 | 34overcrowdedAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionHolding far more people than there is room for. | ExampleBuses grow overcrowded at rush hour, so the city added two express routes. | Synonymspackedjammed |
| 35 | 35vibrantAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionFull of life, colour and energy. | ExampleThe night market makes the harbour district feel vibrant well past midnight. | Synonymsdynamicbuzzing |
| 36 | 36metropolitanAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionRelating to a large, busy city and its area. | ExampleOur metropolitan region now stretches across three former towns and countless suburbs. | Synonymscosmopolitancity-wide |
| 37 | 37bustlingAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionFull of busy, noisy activity. | ExampleA bustling farmers' market takes over the main square in our town every Saturday morning. | Synonymsbusyteeming |
| 38 | 38noisyAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionFull of loud, often unpleasant sound. | ExampleLiving above a noisy intersection, we learned to sleep through honking and sirens. | Synonymsloudclamorous |
| 39 | 39walkableAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionEasy and pleasant to explore on foot. | ExampleBuyers love the walkable neighbourhood, where shops and schools sit minutes from home. | Synonymspedestrian-friendlystrollable |
| 40 | 40residentialAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionMade up mainly of homes rather than businesses. | ExampleQuiet residential streets turn lively only when children walk home from school. | Synonymssuburbanhousing |
| 41 | 41centralAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionLocated in or near the middle of the city. | ExampleTheir central location means everything, from clinics to cinemas, sits within walking distance. | Synonymsmiddleinner-city |
| 42 | 42industrialAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionRelating to factories and the making of goods. | ExampleOld industrial waterfront lots are slowly turning into lofts, galleries, and cafés. | Synonymsmanufacturingfactory |
| 43 | 43cosmopolitanAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionFull of people and influences from many countries. | ExampleVancouver feels wonderfully cosmopolitan, with restaurants, festivals and shops drawn from cultures all around the world. | Synonymsmulticulturalworldly |
| 44 | 44compactAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionSmall and neatly fitted into a limited space. | ExampleA compact city design keeps homes, jobs, and parks close together within easy reach. | Synonymscondensedspace-saving |
| 45 | 45leafyAdjective | Adjective | DefinitionHaving many trees and much greenery. | ExampleThey chose a leafy street where tall maples shade the sidewalks all summer. | Synonymsgreentree-lined |
| 46 | 46increasinglyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionMore and more as time passes. | ExampleYounger buyers increasingly choose smaller condos close to transit over distant houses. | Synonymsprogressivelymore and more |
| 47 | 47verticallyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionIn an upward direction; straight up. | ExampleAs land grew scarce, the downtown core expanded vertically, adding towers instead of spreading into farmland. | Synonymsupwardskyward |
| 48 | 48nearbyAdverb | Adverb | DefinitionA short distance away; close at hand. | ExampleResidents wanted a clinic built nearby so seniors would not have to travel far. | Synonymsclose bynot far |
| 49 | 49spring upPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo appear or develop suddenly and quickly. | ExampleNew coffee shops spring up along the greenway almost as fast as the condos do. | Synonymsappearpop up |
| 50 | 50tear downPhrasal verb | Phrasal verb | DefinitionTo pull down a building or structure completely. | ExampleCity council voted to tear down the crumbling overpass and plant gardens in its place. | Synonymsknock downraze |
Works everywhere
Essential CELPIP vocabulary
These cross-topic words appear in almost every CELPIP task: stating an opinion in a survey response, comparing options in Speaking, or summarising a viewpoint in Reading. Knowing them cold frees your attention for the topic itself.
- advantagea helpful or favourable factor
- disadvantagea factor that makes something harder
- consequencea result of an action
- impacta strong effect on something
- benefita helpful result or gain
- concerna worry about something
- solutiona way to fix a problem
- challengea difficult task or situation
- opportunitya chance to do something positive
- recommendationa suggestion about what to do
- alternativeanother available choice
- significantimportant or large in effect
- effectiveproducing the intended result
- practicalsensible and realistic
- convenienteasy and time-saving
- affordablepriced within reach
- essentialabsolutely necessary
- appropriateright for the situation
- contributeto add or give to something
- improveto make something better
Upgrade your word choices
Synonyms & better word choices
Repeating basic words like good and bad limits your Writing and Speaking scores. These swaps add range, but always choose by meaning and context, never just to sound sophisticated.
A natural, common word used correctly always scores better than an impressive word used incorrectly. If you are not sure a synonym fits, keep the simpler choice.
Test yourself
Vocabulary in context
CELPIP never asks for definitions. It asks you to understand and use words inside real sentences. Choose the word that fits each gap, then read why.
The city introduced new bike lanes to reduce traffic during rush hour.
Choose the word that fits the sentence best.
Small words, easy marks
Commonly confused words
Mixing these pairs up is one of the fastest ways to lose accuracy marks in CELPIP Writing, and they are easy points once you know the difference.
affect vs. effect
Affect is the verb (to influence); effect is the noun (the result).
The strike affected transit, and the effect lasted for weeks.
advice vs. advise
Advice is the noun; advise is the verb.
She advised me to save, and it was good advice.
accept vs. except
Accept means to agree or receive; except means excluding.
I accept every shift except the Sunday one.
fewer vs. less
Fewer goes with countable nouns; less with uncountable ones.
Fewer cars on the road means less pollution.
economic vs. economical
Economic relates to the economy; economical means money-saving.
Economic growth is up, and my new car is very economical.
principal vs. principle
Principal is the main one (or a school head); a principle is a rule or belief.
The principal reason I volunteer is a matter of principle.
rise vs. raise
Rise happens on its own; raise needs an object.
Prices rise every year, so my employer raised my salary.
its vs. it's
Its shows possession; it's is short for it is.
It's a friendly city, known for its parks.
CELPIP vocabulary questions, answered
What test takers usually ask about building vocabulary for the CELPIP test and how to use this page well.
CELPIP tests everyday Canadian English, so focus on vocabulary for work, housing, community life, health, shopping, transportation and public services rather than academic word lists. The 20 topics on this page mirror the situations CELPIP tasks draw on again and again across Reading, Listening, Writing and Speaking.
There is no official CELPIP word list or required count. A focused set like the 1,000 topic-grouped words here is a realistic target: it is large enough to cover the test's common situations, and small enough that you can actually learn each word's meaning, register and usage instead of memorising lists.
Learn words in context rather than in isolation: read each example sentence, then write or say your own sentence with the word. Study one topic at a time, review the previous day's words before starting new ones, and use fresh vocabulary immediately in practice tests so it moves into your active vocabulary.
No, precision matters more than difficulty. CELPIP raters reward clear, natural, accurate word choice at a conversational-to-semi-formal register. Forcing rare or overly academic words usually sounds unnatural and can lower your score, while a well-chosen everyday word raises it.
Build the word groups Writing tasks lean on: stating opinions, comparing options, describing causes and effects, and making recommendations. Practise replacing repeated basic words such as good, bad and thing with more precise choices, then apply them in full email and survey-response tasks under timed conditions.
Speaking tasks ask you to advise, describe, compare, persuade and explain, so practise brainstorming topic vocabulary quickly: give yourself 30 seconds to list words for a topic like transit or housing before answering. Recording timed answers and reviewing which words you overuse shows you exactly where to expand.
Yes, lexical range is part of how Writing and Speaking are assessed, and synonyms let you avoid repeating the same basic words. Choose a synonym only when it truly fits the meaning and register of the sentence; a natural common word always beats an impressive but slightly wrong one.
Study in small daily sets of 10 to 15 words, always with the definition, an example sentence and a synonym or two. Test yourself in context, like this page's vocabulary quiz, rather than word-by-word, and use translations only as a bridge to understanding: the goal is to think in English as quickly as possible.
The most common are forcing memorised advanced words into places they do not fit, using the wrong collocation (for example, saying make a photo instead of take a photo), mixing registers such as slang in a formal email, and confusing similar pairs like affect and effect. Accuracy and naturalness beat ambition.
A stronger vocabulary speeds up Reading, makes Listening easier to follow, and gives you precise choices in Writing and Speaking, so all four scores benefit. Pair vocabulary study with full practice tests so every new word is met again in a realistic test situation.
Ready to meet these words on a real test?
Take a free CELPIP practice test and watch for today's vocabulary in the passages, audio and prompts.
